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    雾霾天气对天津市太阳辐射影响的量化研究

    Quantitative study on the effect of haze-fog events on solar radiation in Tianjin

    • 摘要: 基于2005—2016年天津市13个地面气象观测站的观测资料,探讨了近12 a天津市雾霾天气的空间分布,同时以西青站为例,基于西青站太阳辐射观测数据定量分析了雾霾天气对天津市太阳辐射的影响。结果表明:2005—2016年天津市雾霾天气总体呈北多南少的空间分布特征,雾霾日数高值区分布在宝坻蓟州地区,而滨海新区南部地区雾霾天气发生最少。2005—2016年天津市雾霾日数总体呈先增加后减少的变化趋势,秋季和冬季易形成逆温,不利的扩散条件使雾霾天气频发,因此秋季和冬季应重点防治雾霾天气。近12 a天津地区冬季雾霾天气对太阳辐射的影响率最大。随着雾霾天气持续日数的递增,天津地区雾霾天气发生频次呈幂函数的形式递减,但雾霾天气对太阳辐射的削弱作用逐渐增加,持续6 d的雾霾天气使太阳辐射比背景值下降57.14%。雾霾天气持续发生发展对冬季北方地区设施农业生产及太阳能发电等行业影响较大,应采取适当的应对策略,尽可能减小灾害损失。

       

      Abstract: Based on the observational data from 13 surface meteorological stations in Tianjin from 2005 to 2016,the spatial distribution of haze-fog events in Tianjin was analyzed and its effect on the solar radiation was quantitatively studied using observational data of solar radiation at Xiqing station.The results showed that haze-fog events in Tianjin occur more frequently in north than in south,with a greater number of haze-fog day observed in Baodi and Jizhou and a smaller number of haze-fog day observed in the southern area of Binhai New District.The number of haze-fog day in Tianjin increases initially from 2005 and decreases later.Temperature inversion occurs frequently in autumn and winter,and the adverse diffusion conditions result in the frequent occurrence of haze-fog events.Therefore,the prevention and treatment of haze-fog events in autumn and winter are very important.The greatest influence rate of haze-fog events on solar radiation occurs in winter during the recent 12 years.With increasing duration of haze-fog events,the occurrence of haze-fog events in Tianjin decreases in a form of the power function.However,the decline of solar radiation due to haze-fog events in Tianjin becomes stronger.The solar radiation decreased by 57.14% compared with the background solar radiation in a 6-d persistent haze-fog event.The occurrence and persistence of haze-fog events have great effect on the production of facility agriculture and solar power generation in the northern region of China during winter,and some proper strategies should be taken in order to minimize disaster losses.

       

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