主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 125-132.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2018.06.015

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

辽宁省城郊霾日变化特征分析

李丽光1, 丁抗抗2, 王宏博1, 赵梓淇1, 赵先丽1, 陈刚3, 董国平4   

  1. 1. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110166;
    2. 辽宁省气象信息中心, 辽宁 沈阳 110166;
    3. 辽宁省人工影响天气办公室, 辽宁 沈阳 110166;
    4. 中国气象局气象干部培训学院 辽宁分院, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-20 修回日期:2018-11-21 出版日期:2018-12-31 发布日期:2018-12-31
  • 作者简介:李丽光,女,1973年生,研究员,主要从事城市环境研究。E-mail:lilignangyis@foxmail.com。
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省气象局备案项目（BA201604）资助。

Characteristics of haze day in the urban and suburban areas of Liaoning province

LI Li-guang1, DING Kang-kang2, WANG Hong-bo1, ZHAO Zi-qi1, ZHAO Xian-li1, CHEN Gang3, DONG Guo-ping4   

  1. 1. Institute of Atmospheric and Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110166, China;
    2. Liaoning Meteorological Informational Center, Shenyang 110166, China;
    3. Liaoning Weather Modification Office;Shenyang 110016, China;
    4. Liaoning Branch of China Meteorological Administration Training Center, Shenyang 110166, China
  • Received:2018-10-20 Revised:2018-11-21 Online:2018-12-31 Published:2018-12-31

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摘要： 根据站点位置、城郊站间距离、资料累积时间、资料连续性等对辽宁省61个气象站进行筛选，进而分为城区站、近郊站、远郊站和乡村站4类。利用辽宁省1980-2013年每日02时、08时、14时和20时的能见度、相对湿度和逐日天气现象等气象资料，统计分析了辽宁省城郊霾日变化特征。结果表明：辽宁省城区、近郊和远郊月霾日变化与全省霾日变化均呈W型波动。平均月霾日近郊最高，为7.6 d，近郊和城区（6.8 d）明显高于远郊（4.9 d）和乡村（2.3 d）。四季相比，近郊季霾日最高，春夏秋冬分别为14.6 d、22.1 d、22.9 d和31.7 d，其次是城区、远郊和乡村。1980-2013年，城区、近郊、远郊和乡村年霾日与全省平均年霾日均呈下降趋势，其中城区最明显，其趋势率为-9.9 d/10 a，而近郊趋势率仅为-0.1 d/10 a。全省平均年代霾日呈微弱的递减趋势。城区年代霾日呈明显的下降趋势，而近郊和远郊年代霾日呈波动中下降趋势。空间变化上，月、季、年和年代霾日空间变化较大，均呈多中心的空间变化态势，霾日大值中心和低值中心在不同时间尺度上是变化的。霾日第1和第2大值中心均出现在沈阳站和苏家屯站以及辽阳县站等城区站和近郊站，而霾日低值中心多为远郊站。霾日时空变化表明，近郊霾污染更为严重。城区、近郊和远郊典型代表站年霾日变化较大，与当地经济发展和环境状况密切相关。

关键词: 霾日, 城区, 近郊, 远郊

Abstract: A total of 61 meteorological stations were selected according to their positions,distances among the urban and suburban stations,data record duration and continuity.These stations were then grouped into four types,i.e.,the urban stations,the suburban stations,the outer suburban stations,and the rural stations.Based on meteorological data such as visibility,relative humidity measured at 02:00,08:00,14:00 and 20:00 as well as daily weather phenomena in Liaoning province from 1960 to 2013, the characteristics of haze day in urban and suburban regions were statistically analyzed.The results indicate that monthly variations in haze days in urban,suburban and outer suburban,and all over regions in Liaoning province all exhibit a "W"-shape pattern.The largest monthly mean number (7.6 d) of haze days occurs in the suburban area,and those in the urban and suburban (6.8 d) regions are obviously larger than those in the outer suburban area (4.9 d) and rural areas (2.3 d).Among the four areas,the haze day numbers in suburban regions are the largest,followed by the urban,outer suburban,and rural areas.In the suburban regions,the number of haze day is 31.7 d in winter,14.6 d in spring,22.1 d in summer,22.9 d in autumn.The annual mean haze day numbers in four type regions and in the whole Liaoning province all decrease during 1980 to 2013,especially in the urban region with a decreasing trend of -9.9 d/10 a but only -0.1 d/10 a in the suburban regions.The inter-decadal mean haze day number in Liaoning province slightly decreases and that in the urban area decreases significantly; it fluctuates and decreases in suburb area and outer suburb area.The monthly,seasonal,annual,and inter-decadal haze day numbers have various spatial distributions,with a multi-center distribution,which means the maximum and minimum center of haze days depend on different time scales.The largest haze day number center and the second one both occur at the urban and suburban stations such as the Shenyang,Sujiatun and Liaoyang County stations,while the lowest haze day number centers mostly occur at the outer suburban stations.The analysis results suggest that haze pollution is heavier in suburban areas.The annual haze day numbers observed at typical stations in urban,suburban,and outer suburban regions vary significantly,which is closely related to the local economic development and environmental conditions.

Key words: Haze day, Urban area, Suburban area, Outer suburban area

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