辽宁城市PM2.5时空变化聚类及其气象影响特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用2015年11月至2016年10月辽宁14市环境空气质量监测数据和地面气象站点监测数据，对辽宁省细颗粒物污染时空特征以及气象因子对其影响规律进行了系统的分析，并据此进行聚类分区。结果表明：辽宁城市PM_2.5浓度变化的季节性差异明显，呈冬季高、春季次、夏秋低的总体特征；辽宁全境PM_2.5浓度的空间分布差异较大，中部平原地区为最高、两翼丘陵较低、东部沿海最低；根据PM_2.5浓度与气象因子的散点图及Spearman相关系数，辽宁城市可分为4种类型，即辽东半岛型（I类，包括丹东、大连、盘锦、营口）、辽西山地型（Ⅱ类，包括葫芦岛、锦州、朝阳、阜新）、辽东山地型（Ⅲ类，包括本溪、抚顺）、辽中平原型（IV类，包括铁岭、沈阳、辽阳、鞍山），4类城市的PM_2.5浓度依次递增，且冬季最为明显；PM_2.5浓度与气温、水汽压、相对湿度仅在冬季均呈正相关，但I、Ⅱ类城市在春季呈正相关，IV类城市在春、夏两季也呈正相关；与风速在冬季均呈负相关；与气压的相关性不明显。

关键词: PM_2.5浓度, 空间聚类, 气象因子, 相关性

Abstract:

Based on the ambient air quality monitoring data and meteorological observations in 14 cities in Liaoning province from November 2015 to October 2016,the spatiotemporal characteristics of particulate matter and the influence by meteorological factors were systematically analyzed and then a clustering partition was made.The results show that PM_2.5 concentration in cities of Liaoning province has obviously seasonal variation,with the highest value in winter,followed by spring,summer,and fall.The spatial distribution of PM_2.5 concentration in Liaoning province is characterized by the highest in the central plain area,lower in hills at two side regions and the lowest in the east coastal region.According to the scatter plots of PM_2.5 concentration against meteorological parameters as well as the Spearman correlation coefficient,the cities in Liaoning province can be divided into four types,i.e.,Liaodong Peninsula type (Type I,including Dandong,Dalian,Panjin,and Yingkou),western Liaoning mountain type (Type II,including Huludao,Jinzhou,Chaoyang,and Fuxin),eastern Liaoning mountain type (Type III,Benxi and Fushun) and middle Liaoning plain type (Type IV,Tieling,Shenyang,Liaoyang and Anshan).PM_2.5 concentration increases in cities from Type I to Type IV,which is most obvious in winter.Positive correlations between PM_2.5 concentration and meteorological parameters such as air temperature,water vapor pressure and relative humidity at all cities are observed only in winter,but also observed in spring at cities of Type I and II,and in spring and summer for Type IV.PM_2.5 concentration has a negative correlation with wind speed in all cities in winter and no obvious correlation with air pressure.

Key words: PM_2.5 concentration, Spatial clustering, Meteorological parameter, Correlation

中图分类号:

项程程, 柴曼. 辽宁城市PM_2.5时空变化聚类及其气象影响特征[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2019, 35(1): 35-44.

XIANG Cheng-cheng, CHAI Man. Characteristics of spatiotemporal variation clustering of PM_2.5 and its meteorological influence in cities of Liaoning province[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019, 35(1): 35-44.

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http://www.jme1984.net.cn/CN/Y2019/V35/I1/35

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