主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 28-37.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.06.005

• 论文 • 上一篇    

六盘山区夏秋季大气水汽和液态水特征初步分析

田磊1,2,3, 桑建人1,2,3, 姚展予3,4, 常倬林1,2,3, 单新兰1,2, 曹宁1,2,3, 孙艳桥1,2,3   

  1. 1. 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002;
    2. 中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室, 北京 100081;
    3. 宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002;
    4. 中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-25 修回日期:2018-12-11 发布日期:2019-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 桑建人,男,正研级高级工程师,E-mail:sangjr@126.com。 E-mail:sangjr@126.com
  • 作者简介:田磊,男,1984年生,工程师,主要从事人工影响天气及大气物理方面研究,E-mail:tianl419@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    西北区域人影建设研究试验项目(RYSY201904)、国家自然科学基金面上项目(41775139)、宁夏青年科技人才托举工程(TJGC2018023)和宁夏自然科学基金项目(2019AAC03255、NZ17232)共同资助。

Characteristics of atmospheric water vapor and liquid water in Liupan Mountain area in summer and autumn

TIAN Lei1,2,3, SANG Jian-ren1,2,3, YAO Zhan-yu3,4, CHANG Zhuo-lin1,2,3, DAN Xin-lan1,2, CAO Ning1,2,3, SUN Yan-qiao1,2,3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions, China Meteorological Administration, Yinchuan 750002, China;
    2. Key Laboratory for Cloud of China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100086, China;
    3. Ningxia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Yinchuan 750002, China;
    4. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100086, China
  • Received:2018-09-25 Revised:2018-12-11 Published:2019-12-25

摘要: 六盘山区是中国典型的农牧交错带和生态脆弱带,也是黄土高原重要的水源涵养地、生态保护区及国家级扶贫开发区。利用2017年6-11月隆德气象站地基多通道微波辐射计资料,结合同期平凉探空站及隆德地面降水等观测资料,分析了六盘山区夏秋季大气水汽、液态水变化特征。结果表明:六盘山区夏秋季在降水天气背景下,大气水汽含量和液态水含量均较高,分别为无降水天气背景下的1.4倍和7.0倍;降水天气背景下水汽在5000 m以下有明显的增加,且在此高度范围内的水汽密度随高度的递减率比无降水天气背景下明显偏小;各高度层的液态水相比无降水天气背景下均有明显增大,除6月外,主峰值均出现在0℃层高度层以下。六盘山区夏秋季各月中,6-9月。大气水汽含量高值区均出现在正午到傍晚时段,低值区均出现在日出前后;液态水含量在日出前、午后及傍晚分别出现峰值,最明显的峰值出现在午后。对一次对流性降水天气过程分析后发现,降水发生前40 min大气水汽含量和液态水含量出现两次明显的跃增,水汽向上输送不断加强,2500-7500 m高度的相对湿度明显增大。

关键词: 微波辐射计, 大气水汽, 液态水

Abstract: The Liupan Mountain area is a typical ecotone and ecologically fragile zone in China.It is also an important water conservation area,ecological reserve and national poverty alleviation development zone in the Loess Plateau.Characteristics of atmospheric water vapor and liquid water in the area of Liupan Mountain in summer and autumn were studied using the observations from a multi-channel microwave radiometer at the Longde weather station,the sounding data in Pingliang and surface precipitation data in Longde.The results showed that atmospheric water vapor content and liquid water content on rainy days over the Liupan Mountain in summer and autumn are about 1.4 and 7.0 times higher than those on clear days,respectively.On rainy days,water vapor increases obviously below 5 km and the decreasing rate of water vapor density with the increase of height is significantly smaller than that on clear days.Liquid water content at different altitudes also increases compared with that on clear days,and the major peak of liquid water content occurs below the altitudes where temperature is about 0℃.Atmospheric water vapor content has higher values in the period from the afternoon to the evening from June to September and has lower values near the sunrise.While for the liquid water content,the peaks occur near the sunrise,in the afternoon and evening,with the most possible one in the afternoon.A convective precipitation event is examined in this study.During this event,the atmospheric water vapor content and liquid water content increased twice within 40 minutes before precipitation,the upward transport of water vapor continuously enhances,and the relative humidity between altitudes of 2500-7500 m increases significantly.

Key words: Microwave radiometer, Atmospheric water vapor, Liquid water

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