主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 64-71.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2022.05.008

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

锦州地区春玉米物候变化趋势及其与水热条件的关系

赵先丽1(),蔡福1,*(),丁抗抗2,王赛頔3,王笑影1,张慧4,贾庆宇1,温日红1,吴航4   

  1. 1. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110166
    2. 辽宁省气象信息中心, 辽宁沈阳 110166
    3. 辽宁省气象服务中心, 辽宁沈阳 110166
    4. 锦州市生态与农业气象中心, 辽宁锦州 121001
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-24 出版日期:2022-10-28 发布日期:2022-11-04
  • 通讯作者: 蔡福 E-mail:zhaoxianli2001@163.com;caifu_80@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵先丽, 女, 1977年生, 副研究员, 主要从事应用气象和生态气象研究, E-mail: zhaoxianli2001@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31701313);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41775110);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1807262);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金(2021SYIAEKFZD05)

Phenology variations of spring maize and their correlations with hydrothermal conditions in Jinzhou

Xian-li ZHAO1(),Fu CAI1,*(),Kang-kang DING2,Sai-di WANG3,Xiao-ying WANG1,Hui ZHANG4,Qing-yu JIA1,Ri-hong WEN1,Hang WU4   

  1. 1. Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shengyang 110166, China
    2. Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Information Center, Shengyang 110166, China
    3. Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Service Center, Shenyang 110166, China
    4. Jinzhou Ecology and Agriculture Meteorological Center, Jinzhou 121001, China
  • Received:2021-11-24 Online:2022-10-28 Published:2022-11-04
  • Contact: Fu CAI E-mail:zhaoxianli2001@163.com;caifu_80@163.com

摘要:

利用1980—1984年和2004—2020年锦州市农业气象观测站春玉米物候观测资料和气象观测资料, 采用趋势系数、倾向率、相关分析和通径分析等方法, 分析了锦州市春玉米生育期长度和水热条件的变化趋势, 并探讨了锦州市春玉米生育期长度与水热条件的关系。结果表明: 1980—1984年和2004—2020年锦州地区春玉米各生育期长度变化趋势不同, 除抽雄期、成熟期和生殖生长期外, 其他生育期长度均呈缩短的趋势。营养生长期长度极显著缩短, 生殖生长期长度极显著延长, 因此全生育期呈弱的延长趋势, 变化不明显。春玉米各生育期水热条件变化趋势不同, 热量条件变化显著, 而水分条件变化不显著, 多数生育期≥10 ℃活动积温(DT10)和生长度日(GDD)呈增加的趋势, 其中抽雄期、成熟期和生殖生长期、全生育期热量条件呈极显著增加趋势, 表明热量条件对春玉米生长发育影响最大。相关分析和通径分析表明, DT10和GDD对春玉米生育期长度影响最大, 水分条件对春玉米生育期长度影响较小, 其中出苗期、成熟期和全生育期长度与水分条件相关显著。可见, 锦州地区水热因子之间相互制约、相互影响, 共同影响春玉米的整个生育期。

关键词: 春玉米, 生育期, 水热条件, 趋势系数, 通径分析

Abstract:

Based on the phenological data of spring maize and meteorological observation data at Jinzhou agrometeorological observation station from 1980 to 1984 and 2004 to 2020, the changing trends of spring maize growth period length and hydrothermal factors at the same time were studied using the methods of trend coefficient, tendency rate, correlation analysis, and path analysis.In addition, the relationship between spring maize growth period length and hydrothermal conditions was discussed.The results show that each of the growth period lengths of spring maize in Jinzhou has different trends from 1980 to 1984 and 2004 to 2020.Except for tasseling period, maturity period, and reproductive growth period, the length of other growth periods shows a shortening trend.Particularly, the length of the vegetative growth period is significantly shortened, while the length of the reproductive growth period is significantly prolonged, The whole growth period shows a weak extension trend, and the change is not obvious.The changing trend of hydrothermal conditions in each growth period of spring maize is different.The variation of heat conditions is large, while the variation of water conditions is relatively small.The active accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ (DT10) and Growth Degree Day (GDD) in most growth periods show an increasing trend, and there is a very significant increase in tasseling period, maturity period, reproductive growth period, and whole growth period.It can be seen that heat conditions have a great impact on the growth and development of spring maize.Correlation analysis and path analysis show that both DT10 and GDD have a great effect on the growth period length of spring maize, while water conditions have less effect.The length of seedling period, maturity period, and whole growth period are significantly correlated with water conditions.The water and heat factors restrict and influence each other, and jointly affect the whole growth period of spring maize.

Key words: Spring Maize, Growth period, Hydrothermal conditions, Trend coefficient, Path analysis

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