主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 1-9.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2024.06.001

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

辽东半岛两次由微湿下击暴流引发的雷暴大风过程对比分析

贾旭轩1,2,3(),纪永明4,段云霞5,刘晓初3,梁军3,*()   

  1. 1. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110166
    2. 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京 100081
    3. 大连市气象台, 辽宁大连 116001
    4. 辽宁省气象灾害监测预警中心, 辽宁沈阳 110166
    5. 沈阳市气象台, 辽宁沈阳 110168
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-15 出版日期:2024-12-28 发布日期:2025-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 梁军 E-mail:xuxuanjia@petalmail.com;qinldj@163.com
  • 作者简介:贾旭轩,男,1984年生,高级工程师,主要从事强对流天气预报技术与机理研究,E-mail: xuxuanjia@petalmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金课题(2021SYIAEKFMS01);灾害天气国家重点实验室开放课题(2024LASW-B14);环渤海区域科技创新基金(QYXM202108);环渤海区域科技创新基金(QYXM202208);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2023J014)

Comparative analysis of two thunderstorm gale events triggered by wet microbursts over the Liaodong Peninsula

Xuxuan JIA1,2,3(),Yongming JI4,Yunxia DUAN5,Xiaochu LIU3,Jun LIANG3,*()   

  1. 1. Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110166, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    3. Dalian Meteorological Observatory, Dalian 116001, China
    4. Liaoning Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning Centre, Shenyang 110166, China
    5. Shenyang Meteorological Observatory, Shenyang 110168, China
  • Received:2023-12-15 Online:2024-12-28 Published:2025-01-21
  • Contact: Jun LIANG E-mail:xuxuanjia@petalmail.com;qinldj@163.com

摘要:

选用大连市和丹东市SA多普勒天气雷达资料,结合地面观测和ERA5再分析资料,对比分析2020年9月11日(过程Ⅰ)和2021年9月10日(过程Ⅱ)辽东半岛两次微湿下击暴流天气过程的环流背景及成因。结果表明:两次过程均发生在东北冷涡背景下,过程Ⅰ为北上台风变性后的冷涡,过程Ⅱ为切断低压。两次过程的大气层结均为“上干下湿”的不稳定层结,探空曲线呈向上开口喇叭型,近地面温度垂直递减率接近干绝热,整层大气可降水量大于30 mm,抬升凝结高度较低,CAPE和DCAPE较小;0~6 km风切变强度为过程Ⅱ明显强于过程Ⅰ。两次过程的雷暴大风均由微湿下击暴流引发,过程Ⅰ为孤立风暴产生的微湿下击暴流,过程Ⅱ为飑线系统内嵌的微湿下击暴流。两次过程在微湿下击暴流发生前,多普勒天气雷达高仰角大于45 dBz的强反射率因子缺口均先于低仰角出现。

关键词: 东北冷涡, 切断低压, 雷暴大风

Abstract:

The study utilizes SA Doppler weather radar data from Dalian and Dandong, combined with surface observations and ERA5 reanalysis data, to conduct a comparative analysis of the synoptic background and mechanisms of two mild-wet downburst events over the Liaodong Peninsula: the first on September 11, 2020 (Event Ⅰ), and the second on September 10, 2021 (Event Ⅱ).Results indicate that both events occur under the influence of a Northeast Cold Vortex.Event Ⅰ is associated with a cold vertex transformed from a northward typhoon, while Event Ⅱ involves a cut-off low.Both events are characterized by unstable atmospheric stratifications of "upper-wet and lower-dry", with skew-T diagrams showing an upward-opening "bell-shaped" structure.Near-surface temperature lapse rates are nearly dry-adiabatic.The precipitable water content exceeds 30 mm.The lifting condensation level is low, with CAPE and DCAPE values being relatively small.The 0-6 km wind shear intensity is significantly stronger in Event Ⅱ than in Event Ⅰ.The thunderstorm gale events in both cases are induced by wet microbursts, with Event Ⅰ involving an isolated storm and Event Ⅱ embedded within a squall line system.In both cases, the Doppler radar reflectivity notches exceeding 45 dBz appear earlier at higher elevation angles than at lower elevation angles prior to the wet microbursts.

Key words: Northeast Cold Vortex (NCV), Cut-off low, Thunderstorm gale

中图分类号: