主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 66-72.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2017.06.009

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

播期对辽南地区春玉米生育进程及产量影响的试验研究

赵先丽1, 李丽光1, 蔡福1, 王宏博1, 赵梓淇1, 丁抗抗2   

  1. 1. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110166;
    2. 辽宁省气象信息中心, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-23 修回日期:2017-08-24 出版日期:2017-12-30 发布日期:2017-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 李丽光,E-mail:liliguangyjs@foxmail.com。 E-mail:liliguangyjs@foxmail.com
  • 作者简介:赵先丽,女,1977年生,副研究员,主要从事应用气象研究,E-mail:zhaoxianli2001@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31701313)、中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项"辽西地区春玉米干旱指标及其应用研究"(2014IAE-CMA04)和公益性行业(气象)科研专项"东北地区春玉米农业气象指标体系研究"(GYHY201206018)共同资助。

Effects of different sowing dates on growth process and yield of spring maize in southern Liaoning

ZHAO Xian-li1, LI Li-guang1, CAI Fu1, WANG Hong-bo1, ZHAO Zi-qi1, DING Kang-kang2   

  1. 1. Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shengyang 110166, China;
    2. Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Information Center, Shengyang 110166, China
  • Received:2017-06-23 Revised:2017-08-24 Online:2017-12-30 Published:2017-12-30

摘要: 基于2012—2014年以丹玉39为供试品种在辽宁庄河地区开展的分期播种试验观测资料和1980—2010年庄河地区春玉米各发育期的平均日期及产量资料,探讨播期对庄河地区春玉米生育进程及产量的影响。结果表明:播种时间对庄河地区春玉米生育进程有显著的影响,播种时间每推迟1.00 d,春玉米整个生长期长度缩短约0.22—0.57 d,营养生长期缩短约0.48—0.69 d,生殖生长期延长约0.11—0.36 d。不同播期之间春玉米各生育期长度存在较大差异,营养生长期长度差异最显著,而拔节—抽雄期、抽雄—开花期、开花—乳熟期和乳熟—成熟期长度差异均不显著。播期对春玉米产量影响显著,但年际间产量差异显著,除2014年外,随播期推迟春玉米产量呈先增后减的趋势。2012—2014年气象条件对庄河春玉米生育期长度影响的气象因子存在差异,对春玉米营养生长期、生殖生长期和全生育期长度影响较大的气象因子为气温、日照时数、平均风速、水汽压及蒸发量。

关键词: 分期播种, 生育进程, 气象因子

Abstract: Based on experimental data collected from different sowing dates with Danyu39 as tested variety and the contemporaneous meteorological observation data in Zhuanghe area from 2012 to 2014 as well as averaged occurrence dates of different growing periods and yield data during 1980-2010,the effects of different sowing dates on growth development process and yield of spring maize in Zhuanghe area were investigated.The results show that the variation of the sowing dates significantly affects the growth process of the spring maize,that is,with one-day delay in the sowing date,durations of the total growing period and the vegetative growth period shorten about 0.22-0.57 d and 0.48-0.69 d,respectively,while the reproductive growth period prolongs about 0.11-0.36 d.In addition,the duration of each growing period indicates evident difference among the different sowing dates.Specifically,the difference in the vegetation growth period is most significant,while those in the periods during heading-tasseling,tasselling-flowering,flowering-milky and milky-maturity are all not significant.The effect of the sowing dates on the maize yield is significant,which is reflected by firstly increasing and then decreasing yields with the sowing dates postponing in 2012 and 2013 except in 2014,but the interannual variation of yield is very significant.The meteorological factors affecting the growth period of the spring maize in Zhuanghe area are obviously different among the years from 2012 to 2014 and temperature,sunshine duration,average wind speed,water vapor pressure and evaporation are the main factors impacting the whole growth period,the vegetative and the reproductive growth period of the spring maize.

Key words: Different sowing dates, Growth process, Meteorological factors

中图分类号: