主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 63-69.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.05.008

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2013—2016年海口市空气质量特征及典型个例污染物来源分析

赵蕾1,2, 吴坤悌1, 陈明1   

  1. 1. 海南省气象服务中心, 海南 海口 570203;
    2. 海南省气象灾害防灾减灾重点实验室, 海南 海口 570203
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-25 修回日期:2018-05-31 出版日期:2019-10-30 发布日期:2019-10-08
  • 作者简介:赵蕾,女,1982年生,工程师,主要从事应用气象研究,E-mail:zhaolei328@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局华南区域气象中心科技攻关项目“海南省空气质量和雾霾预报技术研究（GRMC2014M17）”资助。

Characteristics of air quality in Haikou from 2013 to 2016 and pollutant source analysis during typical pollution events

ZHAO Lei1,2, WU Kun-ti1, CHEN Ming1   

  1. 1. Hainan Meteorological Service Center, Haikou 570203, China;
    2. Key laboratory of South China sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570203, China
  • Received:2018-01-25 Revised:2018-05-31 Online:2019-10-30 Published:2019-10-08

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摘要： 根据海南省环境科学研究院提供的海口站2013—2016年逐日空气污染数据，统计分析了海口市空气质量状况。综合应用高低空环流场、AQI指数结合MODIS卫星蓝光气溶胶厚度图，采用HYSPLIT轨迹聚类分析法、潜在源贡献因子法和浓度权重轨迹分析方法，重点分析了2013年12月海口空气污染的的主要输送路径，并探讨了首要污染物PM2.5和O3的潜在源区。结果表明：冬夏季风风向转换是海口发生空气污染的最主要气象原因，且首要污染物为PM2.5，其次是PM10和O3；海口市空气质量达标率在97.1%，总体较好，AQI指数呈逐年下降趋势；值得关注的是，O3呈逐年稳定上升趋势。大气污染物浓度受污染物排放和环流场共同影响，海口污染日对应的地面天气形势主要有3种类型，冷高压、变暖高压脊和台风外围下沉气流。此次污染过程中污染源是来自北方地区污染物长距离输送影响的结果。污染物个例分析中，首要污染物PM2.5潜在源区主要集中在湖南和江西的交界处、广东沿海地区、广西北部、江西和福建的交界处以及浙江中部地区，这些潜在源区气团沿着轨迹1、2和4通过长距离输送到海口。海口O3质量浓度贡献较大的区域主要集中在湖南和江西的交界处、粤西一带，主要沿着轨迹2将内陆地区的污染源输送到海口。

关键词: AQI指数, 轨迹聚类分析法, 潜在源贡献因子法, 浓度权重轨迹分析方法

Abstract: Based on the daily air pollution monitoring data at the Haikou station from 2013 to 2016 provided by the Hainan Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences,we analyzed the air quality status in this region.We also explored the major transport paths and potential source areas of the primary air pollutants (PM2.5 and O3) throughout December in 2013 using the methods of HYSPLIT trajectory clustering analysis,potential sources contribution factors,and trajectory analysis of concentration weight,based on the upper- and lower-level atmospheric circulation,air quality index (AQI),and aerosol thickness blue images from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite.The results showed that the change in wind direction during winter and summer monsoon is the most important meteorological cause of air pollution in Haikou.The primary air pollutant is PM2.5,followed by PM10 and O3.Air quality above the good level reaches a rate of 97.1% in Haikou.The AQI exhibits a decreasing trend year after year,while O3 increases steadily.Air pollutant concentrations are affectedc by pollutant emissions and circulation fields.In Haikou,air pollution mainly occurs in the presence of three synoptic types,including the cold and high pressure,warming ridges,and typhoon peripheral descending airflow.The long-range transport of air pollutants is the main reason for the occurrence of a typical air pollution event.During this event,the potential source areas of primary air pollutant PM2.5 are distributed at the junctions of Hu'nan and Jiangxi provinces,coastlands in Guangdong province,the northern part of Guangxi province,the junctions of Jiangxi and Fujian provinces,and the center of Zhejiang province.Air masses from these potential source regions are transported to Haikou along the trajectories 1,2,and 4.The major contribution regions of O3 mass concentrations are concentrated in the junction of Hu'nan and Jiangxi provinces and the western part and Guangdong province.The pollutants are transported to Haikou from the inland along the trajectory 2.

Key words: Air quality index, Trajectory clustering analysis method, Potential source contribution factor method, Concentration weight trajectory analysis method

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