基于卫星遥感和地面观测资料的汾渭平原空气污染分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2020.04.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on remote sensing data from the MODIS satellite, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and the CALIPSO Lidar, the hourly surface concentrations of six criteria air pollutants observed at national environmental monitoring stations, and the surface meteorological data such as visibility and haze records, we comprehensively analyzed air quality and aerosol composition over Fenwei Plain during autumn and winter of 2013-2018 and investigated the relationship between the satellite-retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD) and surface pollutant concentrations.In addition, meteorological conditions and the effects of emission reduction were assessed using the chemical weather forecasting system-EMI evaluation model (CUACE-EMI) developed by the China Meteorological Administration.The results show that six among the eleven representative cities suffer from air pollution for nearly or more than half of the whole autumn and winter.When air pollution occurs, the pollution level mostly reaches moderation and above at these representative cities.Haze and heavy haze occur frequently in Sanmenxia, Linfen, Yuncheng, and Xi'an, with the occurrence frequency of severe haze of 11.63%-14.78%.The primary pollutants are PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ and dominantly consist of polluted dust, desert dust, and smoke dominate, with the occurrence frequency of 36.24%, 25.14%, and 22.96%, respectively.The correlation coefficients between MODIS-retrieved AOD and air quality index (AQI), PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ concentrations are 0.72, 0.70, and 0.64, respectively.Compared with each year from 2013 to 2017, meteorological conditions contributes with an increase of PM_2.5 concentration in 2018 by 17.06%, 1.58%, 4.34%, 11.25%, and 5.75%, respectively, emission reduction measures results in a decrease of PM_2.5 concentration in 2018 by 8.74%, 28.01%, 4.93%, 3.16%, and 42.62%, respectively.

Key words: Fenwei Plain, Air quality index, Haze, Satellite remote sensing

CLC Number:

X513

Xing-xing GAO, Hai-lin GUI, Liu-jie PAN, Nan WANG, Jian-peng WANG. Statistical analysis of air pollution in Fenwei Plain based on satellite remote sensing and ground observation data[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2020, 36(4): 36-44.

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海拔高度/km	水平分辨率/m	垂直分辨率/m
20.2—30.1	1667	180
8.2—20.2	1000	60
-8.7	333	60

城市	严重污染	重度污染	中度污染	轻度污染	良	优	首要污染物
城市	严重污染	重度污染	中度污染	轻度污染	良	优	PM_2.5	PM₁₀
西安	8.41	13.54	11.32	21.06	35.78	9.90	50.76	42.79
渭南	6.33	13.38	11.67	22.09	36.22	10.32	56.34	39.64
咸阳	7.48	14.01	11.74	21.96	35.29	9.52	58.61	36.38
宝鸡	4.09	9.82	9.62	19.12	43.38	13.98	51.50	45.40
铜川	1.85	8.47	9.21	19.30	43.69	17.48	53.59	42.27
临汾	5.80	10.02	9.07	18.42	37.45	19.24	58.66	32.48
晋中	1.63	7.38	8.61	20.09	48.35	13.94	50.87	45.43
运城	5.09	11.62	10.05	18.55	39.60	15.08	58.63	36.24
吕梁	0.49	4.63	7.76	19.29	50.64	17.19	50.40	45.37
三门峡	4.20	12.18	10.69	21.13	39.63	12.17	54.21	40.11
洛阳	5.60	13.32	10.67	19.83	38.64	11.94	59.07	36.28

城市	霾日	轻微	轻度	中度	重度
西安	28.81	34.98	34.19	19.21	11.63
渭南	22.65	47.40	29.40	13.77	9.43
咸阳	23.93	48.88	31.81	11.55	7.76
宝鸡	16.00	45.07	31.29	15.50	8.14
铜川	18.49	60.35	25.96	7.72	5.96
临汾	29.00	52.04	23.39	10.22	14.35
晋中	25.96	61.57	23.27	8.55	6.61
运城	38.41	47.05	27.55	13.01	12.38
吕梁	22.46	61.13	22.82	8.89	7.16
三门峡	38.44	42.70	30.84	11.68	14.78
洛阳	22.55	51.57	31.84	10.77	5.82

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Statistical analysis of air pollution in Fenwei Plain based on satellite remote sensing and ground observation data

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