DNQ1与FD12型能见度仪观测比对及影响因子研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.03.004

Abstract

Abstract:

The DNQ1 forward scattering visibility meter is currently one of the most widely used visibility meters at weather stations in China.However, rare studies have evaluated and compared the performance of DNQ1 visibility meters with other similar visibility instruments worldwide.Therefore, we conducted a comparative study using observation data of DNQ1 and FD12 visibility meters at the Shangdianzi National Atmosphere Watch Station from January to March 2015.The characteristics of observed differences between the two visibility meters and their relationships with major meteorological parameters and atmospheric components were analyzed in this study.The results indicated that hourly mean visibility measured by two instruments exhibits a consistent variation trend, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98.Except for rainfall, the difference in visibility observed by DNQ1 and FD12 instruments is less affected by different weather conditions (including sunny days, sand-dust, fog, haze, rainfall, and snowfall), but the difference range and dispersion increase as visibility level increases.The visibility difference shows an exponential decrease with the increase of relative humidity, a linear positive correlation with air temperature, and an insignificant relationship with air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction.The mean relative deviation between DNQ1-and FD12-measured visibility at different times of the day is on average less than ±10%, which indicates that the NDQ1 visibility meter meets observation needs.The correlation between the two visibility at night is better than that during the day, which may be related to the daily variation of relative humidity and temperature.

Key words: Atmospheric visibility, DNQ1 visibility meter, FD12 visibility meter, Meteorological parameter

CLC Number:

P412.17

Xiao-lan LI, Wei-jun QUAN, Dong-dong WANG, Di WANG. Comparison of visibility measurements using DNQ1 and FD12 visibility meters and their major influencing factors[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2021, 37(3): 25-32.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1

Table 1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 2

Fig.5

Table 3

Fig.6

Fig.7

References 25

1	吴兑, 廖国莲, 邓雪娇, 等. 珠江三角洲霾天气的近地层输送条件研究[J]. 应用气象学报, 2008, 19 (1): 1- 9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7313.2008.01.001
2	姜江, 郭文利, 王春玲. 2007-2015年北京地区能见度时空变化特征[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2019, 35 (1): 45- 52. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.01.006
3	刘西川, 高太长, 刘磊, 等. 降水现象对大气消光系数和能见度的影响[J]. 应用气象学报, 2010, 21 (4): 433- 441. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7313.2010.04.006
4	林毅, 肇毓, 李倩, 等. 基于数据挖掘处理的影响辽宁高速公路冬季交通事故主要气象要素分析[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2020, 36 (3): 55- 63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2020.03.008
5	Gultepe I , Tardif R , Michaelides S C , et al. Fog research: A review of past achievements and future perspectives[J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2007, 164 (6/7): 1121- 1159. doi: 10.1007/s00024-007-0211-x/email/correspondent/c1/new
6	中国气象局. 地面气象观测规范[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2007.
7	刘宁微, 马雁军, 王扬锋, 等. 辽宁中部地区大气能见度器测与目测数据的对比分析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2012, 25 (10): 1120- 1125.
8	Kaurila T A . A new instrument for measuring optical transmission in the atmosphere[J]. Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII, Proc.SPIE, 2007, 6543, 654308. doi: 10.1117/12.717913
9	Wang J , Liu X , Yang X , et al. Development and evaluation of a new digital photography visiometer system for automated visibility observation[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014, 87, 19- 25. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.12.045
10	Zhang Y , Gao L , Cao L , et al. Decreasing atmospheric visibility associated with weakening winds from 1980 to 2017 over China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2020, 224, 117314. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117314
11	谭浩波, 陈欢欢, 吴兑, 等. Model 6000型前向散射能见度仪性能评估及数据订正[J]. 热带气象学报, 2010, 26 (6): 687- 693. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4965.2010.06.006
12	夏冬, 吴志权, 谭浩波, 等. 广东省能见度自动观测系统资料评估分析与订正[J]. 气象科技, 2014, 42 (1): 68- 72. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6345.2014.01.010
13	谢文琪, 姚波, 权维俊, 等. 北京上甸子大气本底站氢氟碳化物在线观测研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39 (12): 4941- 4949.
14	中国气象局监测网络司. FD12型能见度仪技术手册[M]. 北京, 2003, 1-52.
15	李艳, 张鑫, 王柏林, 等. DNQ1型能见度仪工作原理及维护实例[J]. 陕西气象, 2016, 4, 34- 36.
16	马开玉, 丁裕国, 屠其璞, 等. 气候统计原理与方法[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 1993: 29- 30.
17	魏凤英. 现代气候统计诊断与预测技术(2版)[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2007: 18- 19.
18	Yan P , Pan X , Tang J , et al. Hygroscopic growth of aerosol scattering coefficient: A comparative analysis between urban and suburban sites at winter in Beijing[J]. Particuology, 2009, 7, 52- 60. doi: 10.1016/j.partic.2008.11.009
19	Chen J , Zhao C S , Ma N , et al. A parameterization of low visibilities for hazy days in the North China Plain[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2012, 12 (11): 4935- 4950. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-4935-2012
20	Xu W , Kuang Y , Bian Y , et al. Current challenges in visibility improvement in southern China[J]. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 2020, 7 (6): 395- 401.
21	刘宁微, 马雁军, 王扬锋. 辽宁中部城市群夏季大气能见度的观测研究[J]. 气象学报, 2019, 70 (4): 814- 820.
22	樊高峰, 马浩, 张小伟, 等. 相对湿度和PM_2.5浓度对大气能见度的影响研究: 基于小时资料的多站对比分析[J]. 气象学报, 2016, 74 (6): 959- 973.
23	Li X , Ma Y , Wang Y , et al. Temporal and spatial analyses of particulate matter (PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) and its relationship with meteorological parameters over an urban city in northeast China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2017, 198, 185- 193.
24	刘兆东, 王宏, 沈新勇, 等. 京津冀及周边地区冬季能见度与PM_2.5浓度和环境湿度的多元回归分析[J]. 气象学报, 2020, 78 (4): 679- 690.
25	Griggs D J, Jones D W, Ouldridge M, et al. Instruments and observing methods. Report No. 41. The first WMO intercomparison of visibility measurements. Final Report[M]. World Meteorological Organization, 1988-1989, 43-48.

型号	DNQ1型	FD12型
量程	10—35000 m	10—50000 m
散射角	45°	33°
精度	±10%, 0.01—10 km ±15%, 10—35 km	±10%, 0.01—10 km ±20%, 10—50 km
仪器一致性	5%	4%

能见度等级	MAD/km	RD/(%)	RMSD/km	r	样本数
0—1 km(极差)	0.03	6.3	0.07	0.96	43
1—2 km(很差)	-0.11	-4.3	0.21	0.88	76
2—3 km(差)	-0.42	-13.7	0.31	0.78	84
3—5 km(较差)	-0.75	-15.2	0.35	0.87	164
5—10 km(一般)	-0.48	-6.7	0.49	0.94	326
10—20 km(较好)	1.09	8.2	1.13	0.94	392
> 20 km(很好)	1.17	6.6	2.80	0.87	269

能见度变量	相对湿度		气温		气压	风速	风向
能见度变量	全部	>80%	全部	< 0 ℃	气压	风速	风向
Vis_FD12	-0.52	-0.41	-0.04	-0.21	0.14	0.05	-0.17
Vis_DNQ1	-0.56	-0.36	0.03	-0.18	0.10	0.08	-0.16
ΔVis_DNQ1-FD12	-0.38	0.24	0.40	0.21	-0.18	0.17	0.03

[1]	Feng-xiang LONG, Yu-lin ZHANG. Relationship between atmospheric visibility and particulate matter concentration and meteorological parameters in Guilin urban area [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2020, 36(1): 21-27.
[2]	ZHENG Qing-feng, SHI Jun, DONG Guang-tao, HUANG Wen-juan, XU Wei-zhong, WANG Quan-yuan. Characteristics of air quality index and its correlation with meteorological parameters in Shanghai [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019, 35(5): 53-62.
[3]	HU Cai-jiao, LI Jin-lun, WANG Zu-wu, CHENG Hai-rong, KE Hao-hao, WU Wan-ye. Characteristics of atmospheric PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 mass concentrations in Huangshi city [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019, 35(4): 40-46.
[4]	CAO Jing-fu, YANG Yan-juan, CHEN Yue-hao, WANG Min, HAO Li-sheng. Assessment on meteorological parameters designed for the Heating,Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems in super high-rise buildings in Tianjin [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019, 35(4): 133-138.
[5]	XIANG Cheng-cheng, CHAI Man. Characteristics of spatiotemporal variation clustering of PM_2.5 and its meteorological influence in cities of Liaoning province [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019, 35(1): 35-44.
[6]	TIAN Lei, PEI Lin, CHEN Yu-gang, XIA Jiang-jiang, WANG Xiang. Climatic data reconstruction of haze days and its temporal-spatial characteristics in Bengbu area from 1970 to 2015 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2018, 34(5): 39-46.
[7]	ZHANG Ying, JIA Xu-wei, YANG Xu, WANG Shi-gong, CHENG Yi-fan, YANG Liu, XIAO Dan-hua. Characteristics of air pollution and its relationship with meteorological parameters in typical representative cities of China [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2017, 33(2): 70-79.
[8]	CHEN Xiang-xiang, HU Lei, PENG Wang-minzi, LIU Bo. Characteristics of meteorological parameters and main atmospheric pollutants of haze events in Nanchang from 1960 to 2014 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2016, 32(5): 114-121.
[9]	ZHU Yi-ming, ZHANG Jin-guang, YUAN Jian, ZHANG Xiu-yan, LI Yang, ZHANG Wei-quan, WAN Xu-jiang, LU Bing-hong. Correlation analysis of atmospheric visibility and meteorological parameters in Gaizhou of Liaoning province [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2016, 32(4): 55-62.
[10]	NIU Jian-long, GE Guang-hua, WANG Jia-qiang, PENG Jie, WANG Yu-dong, HAO Lu. Pan evaporation characteristics and its influencing factor over Tarim irrigation area from 1961 to 2010 [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2016, 32(3): 71-76.
[11]	SONG Ming,HAN Su-qin,ZHANG Min,YAO Qing,ZHU Bin. Relationship between visibility and relative humidity, PM₁₀, PM_2.5 in Tianjin [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2013, 29(2): 34-41.
[12]	LIU Ai-xia,HAN Su-qin,YAO Qing,ZHANG Min,CAI Zi-ying. Characteristics of chemical composition of PM_2.5 and its effect on visibility in autumn and winter of 2011 in Tianjin [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2013, 29(2): 42-47.

Comparison of visibility measurements using DNQ1 and FD12 visibility meters and their major influencing factors

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 25

Related Articles 12

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 10