Abstract: Four precipitation processes in the Liaoning Province under the background of the Cold Vortex and Subtropical High were analyzed,and the correlation between the infrared channel brightness temperature(center wavelength around 12.0 μm) and water vapor channel brightness temperature(center wavelength around 7.0 μm) of the FY-4B,ERA5 reanalysis,and automatic weather station data of the stationary meteorological satellites FY-4A,FY-4B,and H8/9(respectively referred to as FY-4B,FY-4B,and H8/9) was explored.Moreover,the observation characteristics and formation mechanism of precipitation clouds under different weather systems were compared and analyzed based on FY-4B,ERA5 reanalysis,and automatic weather station data.The analysis results are shown as follows.The correlation coefficient between FY-4B and H8/9 satellite data is significantly higher than that of FY-4A.For different levels of precipitation,the larger the 5-minute precipitation,the lower the brightness temperature of the infrared and water vapor channels of precipitation clouds,and the temperature difference between water vapor and infrared channels is also closer to 0 ℃.The infrared channel brightness temperature of strong precipitation clouds with a 5-minute rainfall greater than 10 mm are concentrated in below -40 ℃,and the temperature difference between water vapor and infrared channels of the strong precipitation clouds is within the range of -5 to 2 ℃.For precipitation of the same magnitude,the infrared channel brightness and water vapor channel brightness temperature of precipitation clouds under the influence of Cold Vortex are lower than those of precipitation clouds at the edge of the Subtropical High,and the temperature difference between water vapor and infrared channel brightness is also closer.Precipitation clouds of Cold Vortex generally appear in environments with strong static instability,strong vertical wind shear,and more dry and cold conditions.Due to the large difference in dew-point temperature at lower levels,the evaporation below the cloud base weakens precipitation more significantly.Therefore,for precipitation clouds with the same precipitation intensity,the infrared channel brightness temperature of precipitation clouds under Cold Vortex is lower than that of Subtropical High precipitation clouds.This research provides a reference for strengthening the comprehensive application of satellite data and improving rainstorm monitoring capability in the future.