Abstract: Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) is closely related to photosynthesis and serves as an ideal probe for assessing plant photosynthetic capacity.Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) exhibits greater sensitivity to drought monitoring compared to traditional vegetation indices,showing significant potential for monitoring and evaluating the impacts of drought on plants.However,the synergistic response mechanisms of ChlF and photosynthesis to drought processes remain unclear.This paper systematically reviews the observation methods of vegetation ChlF,extraction techniques of canopy SIF information,fluorescence radiative transfer models,and light response mechanism models.It further examines the coupling relationship and underlying mechanisms between ChlF and photosynthesis under drought stress,analyzes the limitations in experimental design,GPP measurement data acquisition,coupling mechanisms,and model simulation,while also proposes potential solutions to address these limitations and discusses the application prospects of drone and artificial intelligence technologies in this research area.This review aims to enhance the understanding of drought-induced disaster processes and contribute to the development of drought identification and impact assessment technologies.