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    大连地区两次台风暴雨过程环境条件和双偏振参量特征对比分析

    Analysis on environmental conditions and characteristics of dual-polarization parameters of two rainstorms caused by typhoons in Dalian

    • 摘要: 利用大连和营口的S波段双偏振多普勒天气雷达资料、常规观测资料和NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,对影响大连地区的两次台风暴雨过程的环境条件以及双偏振参量特征进行分析。结果表明:两次台风北上过程中与西风槽相互作用产生变性,在其北部和西北部均有冷锋和暖锋锋生,台风主体靠近时与大连地区北侧冷气团之间形成的θse密集带是强降水的触发条件之一。与台风“烟花”相比,台风“梅花”降水区域更靠近高空急流,锋区的持续加强以及中低层冷空气卷入使得其获得了较多的水汽和能量,上升运动至对流层高层,使得降雨强度更大。随着雨强的增大,雨滴粒子增大,ZZDRKDP总体趋势是不断增大的,CC相差不大,基本在0.95以上。当小时雨强小于30 mm·h-1时,双偏振参量的相关性较好,其中ZKDP的相关性优于ZDR。强辐合抬升有利于雨滴碰撞、合并增长,形成直径大且密集的降水粒子,提高降水效率,是产生短时强降水的重要因素。

       

      Abstract: Using the S-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radar data of Dalian and Yingkou,combined with conventional meteorological observation data and 1°×1° reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP),the environmental conditions and characteristics of dual-polarization parameter of two typhoon cases in Dalian were analyzed.The results show that: both typhoons experienced extratropical transition during their northward movement due to interaction with the westerly trough.Frontalogenesis of both cold and warm fronts occurred in the northern and northwestern parts of the systems.The dense belt of θse caused by typhoon approaching to the north side of cold air of Dalian was one of the triggering conditions for heavy precipitation.Compared with typhoon Yanhua,the precipitation area of typhoon Meihua was closer to the upper-level jet.The continuous strengthening of the frontal zone and the intrusion of cold air in the middle and lower troposphere allowed the system to obtain more moisture and energy,and the upward motion extended to the upper troposphere,resulting in stronger precipitation intensity.Z、ZDRKDP were in an increasing trend in general with the increase of precopication intensity and raindrop size.CC was above 0.95,and exhibited little difference basically.When hourly rainfall intensity is lower than 30 mm·h-1 ,the dual-polarization weather radar data exist high correlations.The correlations of Z and KDP are superior to ZDR.Stronger convergent lifting is beneficial to enhance the water vapor transportation,the probability of droplet coalescence after collision increases as large diameter and dense precipitation particles form high precipitation efficiency,which is an important factor in generating short-duration heavy precipitation.

       

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