Abstract: The Northeast China Cold Vortex (NCCV) is a critical component of the East Asian monsoon system,exerting substantial influence on weather and climate patterns across the region.It usually exhibits a typical structure bounded by a dynamical tropopause,characterized by a cold core in the lower levels and a warm core in the upper levels,with the tropopause often descending below 300 hPa.The cold core structure of the NCCV provides mid-tropospheric cold air conditions,while low-level warm moist air advection combined with radiative heating is conducive to the formation of favorable environment conditions for severe convective weather.Along the southeastern and southwestern peripheries of the NCCV,interactions between the cold vortex and low-level warm moist flows promote the formation of frontal zones and boundary-layer convergence lines,which readily trigger mesoscale convective systems.These systems produce severe convective weather,including short-duration heavy precipitation,thunderstorm gale,hail,and tornadoes.Compared to non-NCCV circulation patterns,severe convective environments under NCCV conditions are typically associated with steeper temperature lapse rates,significantly lower low-level moisture content,shallower moist layers,and stronger vertical wind shear.This paper systematically reviews and summarizes advances in research on the characteristics of the NCCV and its impacts on severe convective weather,including formation mechanisms,spatiotemporal variations,structural features,and associated convective phenomena.Furthermore,it discusses existing challenges and potential perspectives for future research,aiming to provide insights for both in-depth study and operational forecasting of NCCV-induced severe convective weather.