Abstract: The relationships between meteorological conditions (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and etc) and number concentration and mass concentration of atmospheric aerosols were analyzed in order to reveal the effects of meteorological conditions on atmospheric aerosols. The results indicate that the effects of meteorological conditions on aerosols (0.2-0.6 μm) are significant. Increasing temperature is helpful not only to atmospheric diffusion, but also to the formation of the second generation aerosols, so temperature exhibits a positive correlation with ultrafine aerosols (<0.6 μm) and a negative correlation with coarser aerosols. Wind speed can influence the vertical diffusion of aerosols, while it is not significant to ultrafine aerosols. There is a negative correlation between wind speed and coarser aerosols. In addition, relative humidity can promote agglomeration of ultrafine aerosols into coarse aerosols, so it is a negative correlation with ultrafine aerosols and a positive correlation with coarse aerosols.