Abstract: Based on the national trunk road disaster data, the tempo-spatial distribution characteristics of road damages induced by precipitation were analyzed. According to the information value method, the environmental factors (elevation, slope, relief, fault density, and lithology) and the precipitation factors (maximum hourly rain intensity, intensive rainfall frequency, and intensive rainfall duration) were analyzed and compared. The results show that the factors such as slope, intensive rainfall duration, relief, fault density and intensive rainfall frequency have the greatest effect on road damage. According to the comprehensive information value of the national trunk, road damage disaster risk is divided into five grades. It is tested that the risk classification can express the potential spatial distribution of the disaster. The study can supply a reference to road damage prevention, risk forecasting and road construction.