Abstract: Based on monitoring data of satellite remote-sensing fire point,air quality and meteorological parameters during June in 2015,we used the ANUSPLIN and Kriging interpolation methods to grid air quality index (AQI) and mass concentrations of criteria air pollutants,and then we analyzed their spatiotemporal characteristics and correlations with air temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed during the critical period of straw burning in Huaihe River Basin.The results show that the AQI and mass concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 increase significantly during the straw burning period,which corresponds to the spatiotemporal variation of satellite fire monitoring points on a certain degree.The AQI,PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations increase with fluctuations in the early and middle June and tend to decline in late June.The spatial distributions of AQI,PM₁₀,and PM_2.5 concentrations are similar to each other,and are characterized by patterns of "low in the south and high in the north" and "two high and one low".The AQI,PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations had a significantly positive correlation with air temperature,negative correlation with relative humidity,and no significant correlation with wind speed.