Abstract: Utilizing hourly high-density precipitation observation data from May to October during 2016-2021 in Liaoning province, this study analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of precipitation processes, short-term heavy precipitation events, and extreme short-term heavy precipitation events. The K-means clustering method was applied to classify the spatial distribution of cumulative precipitation hours during short-term heavy precipitation events in the flood season. The results indicated that short-term heavy precipitation events (hourly precipitation ≥20 mm) and extreme short-term heavy precipitation events (hourly precipitation≥99.9th percentile of historical precipitation at the station) are significantly influenced by topography. High-frequency areas of short-term heavy precipitation are primarily in the southeastern coastal regions of Liaoning province, the coastal plains and areas with higher elevation in western Liaoning province, and the windward slopes in southeastern Liaoning province. Precipitation during the flood season in Liaoning province is affected by monsoon circulation, exhibiting distinct seasonal variations. The maximum average precipitation and precipitation frequency occur in July and August, and mainly concentrate from afternoon to night. Considerable regional differences are found in the frequency of short-term heavy precipitation events across Liaoning province, while the regional differences in extreme short-term heavy precipitation events are relatively minor.