主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 16-24.doi: 10.11927/j.issn.1673-503X.2016.01.003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海地区一次典型空气污染过程分析

曹钰1,2, 马井会1,2, 许建明1,2, 耿福海1,2   

  1. 1. 上海市城市环境气象中心, 上海 200135;
    2. 上海市健康重点实验室, 上海 200135
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-01 修回日期:2015-04-27 出版日期:2016-02-28 发布日期:2016-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 马井会,E-mail:jinghuima1223@hotmail.com。 E-mail:jinghuima1223@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:曹钰,女,1987年生,助理工程师,主要从事环境气象研究,E-mail:liushuicaoyu@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2014-022)和上海市科研计划项目(14DZ1202904)共同资助。

Analysis of a typical air pollution event in Shanghai

CAO Yu1,2, MA Jing-hui1,2, XU Jian-ming1,2, GENG Fu-hai1,2   

  1. 1. Shanghai Center for Urban Environment Meteorology, Shanghai 200135, China;
    2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health, Shanghai 200135, China
  • Received:2014-12-01 Revised:2015-04-27 Online:2016-02-28 Published:2016-02-28

摘要: 利用上海地区大气污染物监测资料和美国环境预报中心(NCEP)逐6 h的1°×1°全球再分析资料,结合微脉冲激光雷达数据反演的气溶胶消光系数和美国NOAA研制的轨迹模式HYSPLIT气流后向轨迹的模拟结果,分析了2014年5月25-30日上海地区一次严重空气污染天气过程,初步探讨了此次污染过程的污染物源、输送路径、气象条件及大气边界层特征。结果表明:上海地区此次空气污染过程以PM2.5影响为主,主要受沙尘外源性输入和秸秆燃烧共同影响,过程持续时间长;中低空(850-700 hPa)水平输送、垂直风场分布及大气层结变化为此次空气污染过程的发生提供了有利条件;微脉冲激光雷达监测的距离平方订正回波信号强度、气溶胶消光系数和PM2.5浓度之间存在正相关关系,对上海地区污染天气过程的预报具有重要指示意义。

关键词: 沙尘输送, 秸秆燃烧, 逆温, 后向轨迹, PM2.5

Abstract: Based on monitoring data of main pollutants and the NCEP/NCAR FNL (Final Analysis) reanalysis data with resolution of 1°×1°, together with aerosol extinction coefficients data and a backward trajectory simulation method of airflow from HYSPLIT of NOAA, a serious pollution process on May 25 to 30, 2014 in Shanghai caused by sand dust and straw burning was analyzed.Pollution source, transport path, meteorological conditions and atmospheric boundary layer features during this process were discussed.The results indicate that PM2.5 is prevailing in this process.Duration of pollution is long because of common influence of sand dust and straw burning.The horizontal transportation in the middle-low troposphere (700-850 hPa), vertical wind distribution and atmospheric stratification change provide favorable conditions for this air pollution event.Echo intensity and aerosol extinction coefficients observed by a micro pulse lidar (MPL) truly reflect the air pollution event, and both have a positive correlation with PM2.5 concentration after they revised by squared distance of radar monitoring, which is indicative to pollution weather forecast in Shanghai.

Key words: Dust transport, Straw burning, Temperature inversion, Back trajectory, PM2.5

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