极涡对北太平洋风暴轴影响及成因初探

doi:10.11927/j.issn.1673-503X.2016.02.009

气象与环境学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 66-71.doi: 10.11927/j.issn.1673-503X.2016.02.009

极涡对北太平洋风暴轴影响及成因初探

刘鸣彦¹, 李菲¹, 郑石², 周晓宇¹, 崔妍¹, 赵春雨¹, 王颖¹, 龚强¹, 张海娜¹

1. 沈阳区域气候中心, 辽宁沈阳 110166;
2. 辽宁省气象局装备保障中心, 辽宁沈阳 110166

收稿日期:2015-04-08 修回日期:2015-06-30 出版日期:2016-04-30 发布日期:2016-04-30
通讯作者: 赵春雨,E-mail:springrainscn@163.com。 E-mail:springrainscn@163.com
作者简介:刘鸣彦,女,1987年生,助理工程师,主要从事气候变化与气象灾害风险评估研究,E-mail:imlmy730@163.com。
基金资助:
辽宁省气象局科学技术项目"台风引发的典型流域暴雨洪涝灾害风险区划技术"(201503)、中国气象局气候变化专项"特大城市热环境变化及成因分析"(CCSF201526)、公益性行业(气象)科研专项"近百年全球陆地气候变化监测技术与应用"(GYHY201206012)和中国气象局气候变化专项"近百年区域气候变化序列建立及不确定性评估"(CCSF201338)共同资助。

Study on impact of polar vortex on north Pacific storm track and its possible mechanism

LIU Ming-yan¹, LI Fei¹, ZHENG Shi², ZHOU Xiao-yu¹, CUI Yan¹, ZHAO Chun-yu¹, WANG Ying¹, GONG Qiang¹, ZHANG Hai-na¹

1. Shenyang Regional Climate Center, Shenyang 110166, China;
2. Equipment and Support Center in Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Service, Shenyang 110166, China

Received:2015-04-08 Revised:2015-06-30 Online:2016-04-30 Published:2016-04-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用美国NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,初步探讨了1969-2013年冬季北半球极涡对北太平洋风暴轴的影响及可能的物理机制。结果表明:风暴轴主要分布在120°E-120°W、30°-60°N之间,扰动最强中心位于45°N附近。奇异值分解表明,极涡与风暴轴之间主要存在两种耦合空间变化特征。当极涡在极区增强(减弱)时,风暴轴在其气候平均位置增强(减弱);当极涡增强并向北太平洋地区移动时,相对于平均状态,风暴轴在45°N以南地区偏强;而当极涡向北美大陆移动增强时,相对于平均状态,45°N轴线以北地区风暴轴偏强。回归分析进一步表明了北半球极涡影响北太平洋风暴轴变化的原因,极涡通过改变500 hPa位势高度场的遥相关形态特征,进而改变东亚西风急流及风暴轴上游地区斜压性的位置与强度,从而导致风暴轴的强度发生变化。

关键词: 北太平洋风暴轴, 北半球极涡, 遥相关型

Abstract: Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1969 to 2013, the impacts of the northern polar vortex on the North Pacific storm track and its possible physical mechanism in recent 45 winters were analyzed.The results show that storm track is mainly located in the range of 120°E-120°W, 30°-60°N, and the strongest disturbance center is near 45°N.Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) suggests that there are two major coupled modes between the polar vortex and storm track.The first coupled mode depicts that the storm track is stronger (weaker) in the vicinity of its long-term mean locations while the polar vortex is stronger (weaker) in the polar region.The second mode depicts that as the polar vortex increases and shifts to the North Pacific, the storm track comparing to its mean state is stronger in the south of its long-term mean locations.On the contrary, as the polar vortex increases and moves to the north America, the storm track comparing to its mean state increases in the north of its long-term mean locations.A regression analysis further suggests that the anomalous change of polar vortex may give rise to change at 500 hPa geopotential height, and then change the East Asia westerly jet and the baroclinicity in the upstream of the storm track, and finally the storm track itself.

Key words: North Pacific storm track, Northern polar vortex, Teleconnection pattern

中图分类号:

P421.31

刘鸣彦, 李菲, 郑石, 周晓宇, 崔妍, 赵春雨, 王颖, 龚强, 张海娜. 极涡对北太平洋风暴轴影响及成因初探[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2016, 32(2): 66-71.

LIU Ming-yan, LI Fei, ZHENG Shi, ZHOU Xiao-yu, CUI Yan, ZHAO Chun-yu, WANG Ying, GONG Qiang, ZHANG Hai-na. Study on impact of polar vortex on north Pacific storm track and its possible mechanism[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2016, 32(2): 66-71.

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极涡对北太平洋风暴轴影响及成因初探

Study on impact of polar vortex on north Pacific storm track and its possible mechanism

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