主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 44-52.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2017.05.006

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市朝阳区重空气污染天气类型分析

程月星1, 戴健1, 王玮琦2, 李艳3   

  1. 1. 北京市朝阳区气象局, 北京 100016;
    2. 天津市武清区突发公共事件预警信息发布中心, 天津 301799;
    3. 北京市房山区气象局, 北京 102488
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-30 修回日期:2016-12-12 出版日期:2017-10-30 发布日期:2017-10-30
  • 作者简介:程月星,女,1990年生,工程师,主要从事气象预报与城市气象研究,E-mail:chengyuexing0130@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    北京市朝阳区社会发展专项“朝阳区空气污染变化特征及重污染天气预报预警概念模型分析研究”(SF1407)资助。

Analysis of weather type during period of heavy air pollution days in Chaoyang District,Beijing

CHENG Yue-xing1, DAI Jian1, WANG Wei-qi2, LI Yan3   

  1. 1. Meteorological Service in Chaoyang District of Beijing, Beijing 100016, China;
    2. Wuqing Emergent Incident Waring Issue Center, Tianjin 301799, China;
    3. Meteorological Service in Fangshan District of Beijing, Beijing 102488, China
  • Received:2016-08-30 Revised:2016-12-12 Online:2017-10-30 Published:2017-10-30

摘要: 利用2011-2015年北京市朝阳区气象观测资料和PM2.5大气成分监测资料,对朝阳区重空气污染的天气类型进行了系统的分析。结果表明:2011-2015年北京市朝阳区重空气污染天气类型大致可分为均压场型、低压辐合型和高压型3种。均压场型重空气污染大气基本为静稳状态,地表风力小,污染物易在低层逐渐累积;同时,受北京市周边地形的影响,朝阳区受均压场控制,具有明显的山谷风风向转变的日变化。低压辐合场对应低压槽前的上升运动,使周边污染物向低压中心积聚,从而导致出现重污染天气。高压型重空气污染主要是由于朝阳区位于地面高压的后部或底部,受高压后部或底部的偏南或偏东气流的影响,污染物区域输送显著,从而导致污染物浓度上升。总体来看,均压场型、低压辐合型和高压型3种重空气污染天气类型交替出现时,朝阳区可出现持续性重空气污染。

关键词: PM2.5, 重空气污染, 天气类型, 山谷风

Abstract: Based on the meteorological observational data and PM2.5 concentration monitoring data in Chaoyang District,Beijing from 2011 to 2015,weather types during heavy air pollution were analyzed.The results show that three weather types can be generally identified under heavy pollution conditions,i.e.,uniform pressure field,low pressure with convergence,and high pressure.For uniform pressure field type when heavy air pollution occurs,atmospheric stratification is stable and surface wind speed is weak,which results in the accumulation of pollutants at a low level.Meanwhile,due to the local topography effect,the mountain-valley wind circulation becomes significant over the Chaoyang District.The weather type of low pressure with convergence is characterized by ascending motion in the front of the trough,which leads to the accumulation of pollutants in the center of low pressure and the formation of heavy air pollution.Under high-pressure type,Chaoyang District locates in the rear or bottom of surface high pressure and is influenced by the southerly or easterly flows,and then pollutant concentration increased due to strong regional pollutant transport.On the whole,when three weather types appear alternately,persistent and heavy pollution easily occurs in Chaoyang District.

Key words: PM2.5, Heavy air pollution, Weather types, Mountain-valley wind

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