主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 18-25.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.01.003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

河南省三次重污染过程的对比分析

董贞花1,2, 齐伊玲1,2, 孔海江1,2   

  1. 1. 河南省气象台, 河南 郑州 450003;
    2. 中国气象局河南省农业气象保障重点实验室, 河南 郑州 450003
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-24 修回日期:2018-08-23 出版日期:2019-02-28 发布日期:2019-02-28
  • 作者简介:董贞花,女,1982年生,工程师,主要从事环境气象方面研究,E-mail:dongzh126@126.com。
  • 基金资助:

    2016年中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2016-044)、2018年河南省气象局项目(KM201807)、中央引导地方科技发展项目(HN2016-149)和国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0212402)共同资助。

Comparison analysis of three heavy pollution events in He'nan province

DONG Zhen-hua1,2, QI Yi-ling1,2, KONG Hai-jiang1,2   

  1. 1. He'nan Meteorological Observatory, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
    2. CMA/He'nan Key Laboratory of Agro-Meteorological Support and Applied Technique, Zhengzhou 450003, China
  • Received:2018-05-24 Revised:2018-08-23 Online:2019-02-28 Published:2019-02-28

摘要:

利用气象观测资料、EC-Interim再分析资料、L波段雷达的探空资料以及空气污染资料,对比分析了河南省2015年11月27日至12月25日的3次重污染过程。首先从范围、时间、强度、首要污染物等方面对比分析这3次过程的污染特征。其次对比分析这三次过程的气象条件。结果表明:污染期间平直的环流、弱的气压场、高湿、小风、逆温均有利于重污染的产生;I和Ⅱ污染最重日500 hPa河南处在弱脊区,Ⅲ处在槽后的西北气流中;偏北风有利于污染物由北向南的传输,造成大面积重污染且污染达到最重;三次重污染过程的结束均是由于西路冷空气入侵造成;风速、湿度、24 h变温和24 h变压与PM2.5有一定的超前滞后关系,其中超前4 h风速、超前1 h湿度、超前10 h变温、超前19 h变压和PM2.5浓度的相关性最好。边界层内,三次过程均存在不同程度的逆温,I过程大部分时间同时存在接地逆温和悬浮逆温;Ⅱ和Ⅲ整个过程几乎均有接地逆温存在,而大部分时间不存在悬浮逆温;湿度场的垂直方向上,I过程存在明显的上干下湿特征,而Ⅱ和Ⅲ过程不存在。Ⅱ和Ⅲ都是中西部污染最先清除、其次是北部、南阳和东部地区;而I过程北部最先清除。

关键词: AQI, 首要污染物, 气象条件, 相关, 传输

Abstract:

Based on meteorological observation data,Europe Center (EC)-Interim reanalysis data,L-band radar sounding data and air quality monitoring data,the three heavy pollution events that occurred in He'nan province from November 27 to December 25 were comparatively analyzed,from the perspective of the pollution scope,time,intensity and primary pollutants as well as meteorological conditions.The results show that smooth circulation,weak pressure gradient,high humidity,small wind speed,and temperature inversion are all beneficial to the formation of heavy pollution.He'nan province is controlled by a weak ridge at 500 hPa during the most heavily polluted days in the event I and II and controlled by the northwesterly flows behind a trough in the event III.Northerly winds are favorable to transport pollutants from the north to the south and result in a large area of heavy pollution.All the three events end up with the westerly cold air flows.PM2.5 concentration has a lead-lag correlation with wind speed,humidity,24-h temperature variation,and 24-h pressure variation,with the best correlation of 4-h forward for wind speed,1-h forward for humidity,10-h forward for temperature variation and 19-h forward for pressure variation.Temperature inversion exists in the boundary layer during the three events.A temperature inversion occurs both near the surface and in the upper levels during the most period in the event I,while it occurs only near the surface in the event II and III.The air is relatively dry at high altitudes and moist at low altitudes in the event I;such characteristics are not observed in the event II and III.The pollutants are removed from in the middle and western regions at first,followed by the northern region,Nanyang area,and the eastern region in the event II and III,while in the event I,air pollutants in the northern region are removed firstly.

Key words: Air quality index(AQI), Primary pollutant, Meteorological condition, Correlation, Transport

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