主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 1-4.doi:

• 论文 •    下一篇

东北冷涡客观识别方法的研究

王承伟1,2 徐海明1 任丽2 陈莉3   

  1. 1.南京信息工程大学，江苏 南京 210044；2.黑龙江省气象台，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030；3.哈尔滨市气象台，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
  • 出版日期:2012-04-30 发布日期:2012-04-30

The objective identification method of northeast cold vortex

WANG Cheng-wei1,2  XU Hai-ming1  REN Li2  CHEN Li3   

  1. 1. Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China；2. Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory, Harbin 150030, China；3. Harbin Meteorological Observatory, Harbin 150001, China
  • Online:2012-04-30 Published:2012-04-30

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被引次数

3

摘要： 利用1991—2000年NECP/NCAR逐日再分析资料，根据其概念模型的3个物理特征来客观识别东北冷涡。结果表明：在500 hPa上，冷涡中心是极小值点，并且北部有相邻两个格点纬向风向为偏东或静风；冷涡东部的相对厚度高于冷涡中心；冷涡东部的暖锋参数（TFP）高于冷涡中心。当判断连续2d内是否为同一冷涡时，采用方法：前一日识别出有冷涡，那么第二日在与前一日位置相差的经度为（-10?，15?）；纬度为（-7.5?,7.5?）内识别出冷涡时，则认为是同一冷涡。将利用客观方法识别的东北冷涡气候特征与前人主观研究成果进行对比发现，二者识别的东北冷涡主要分布区域（40?—55?N ,115?—145?E）、持续时间、活跃期基本一致。将客观识别与主观方法对本资料识别的冷涡进行比较，完全一致的达72%。误差原因为主客观方法标准不一致，导致有无闭合等值线产生的空识别、中心定位差异的空漏识别和起止时间的空漏识别，以上误差对气候统计不会造成明显影响，可视为正确识别。另外，10 a间，有19例漏报情况，为错误识别，仅占全部冷涡的1.4%，因此，这一客观识别方法是比较合理的，可以应用到冷涡的气候统计中。

关键词: 东北冷涡, 客观, 识别, 气候, 对比, 东北冷涡, 客观, 识别, 气候, 对比

Abstract: Based on the daily NECP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1991 to 2000, the northeast cold vortex was identified objectively by means of three main physical characteristics of the conceptual model. The results indicated that a given grid-point is identified as the center of cold vortex with a minimum geopotential in 500 hPa, and the zonal wind in two adjacent grid-points of the north of cold vortex is easterly or calm. The relative thickness and thermal front parameter (TFP) are higher in the east of cold vortex than in the center of cold vortex. The following method is employed to determine if the two cold vortexes are the same one in two consecutive days. Firstly, a cold vortex is identified on the first day; secondly, if the cold vortex on the second day is within the range of (-10°, 15°) of longitude and (-7.5°, 7.5°) of latitude from the first front cold vortex; these two cold vortexes are classified as the same one. The climatic characteristics of northeast cold vortex from the above objective method and the subjective methods from literatures are compared, and it finds that the distributional ranges (40°—55°N, 115°—145°E), duration and active periods of the cold vortexes identified by the both methods are essentially consistent. About 72%  of the cold vortex identified by the two methods completely agree. The reasons causing errors are as follows: the standards of subjective and objective methods are different, and it leads to the vain detection if the contours exist, vain and miss detection that the location of central cold vortex and the starting-ending time differ. The above mentioned errors do not influence the climatic characteristics of cold vortex, so it could be considered as the correct identification. Furthermore, there are 19 cases of miss detection from 1991 to 2000, and it is only about 1.4% of all cases. Thus, this objective identification method is reasonable and could be applied for the climatic statistics of the cold vortexes.

Key words: Northeast cold low , Objective method , Identification, Climatology , comparison, Northeast cold low, Objective, Identification, Climate, Comparison