主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 96-100.doi:

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1980—2008年黑龙江省气候变暖及其对大豆种植的影响

杨晓强1  张立群2  李帅1  姜丽霞1   

  1. 1.黑龙江省气象科学研究所,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030;2.龙江县气象局,黑龙江 龙江161100
  • 出版日期:2013-04-30 发布日期:2013-04-30

Climate warming and its effect on soybean from 1980 to 2008 in Heilongjiang province

YANG Xiao-qiang1 ZHANG Li-qun1 LI Shuai1 JIANG Li-Xia1   

  1. 1. Heilongjiang Institute of Meteorological Science, Harbin 150030, China; 2. Longjiang County Meteorological Service, Longjiang 161100, China
  • Online:2013-04-30 Published:2013-04-30

摘要: 基于黑龙江省10个农业气象观测站1980—2008年地面观测田平行观测资料和逐日气象资料,运用气候倾向率、M-K检测和统计回归等方法,分析研究区表征气候变暖的主要气候要素的时空变化规律以及气候变暖对大豆的影响。结果表明:1980—2008年,研究区气候出现明显变暖趋势,年平均气温升高,热量增加,无霜期延长,且区域间存在差异,南部地区热量资源增加显著。大豆百粒重随9月平均气温的升高而增加,却随年平均气温的升高而下降,表明秋季增温对大豆产量有正效应,而年平均气温的升高对大豆产量存在负作用。气候变暖对大豆生产的影响是利弊兼存,在调整种植布局时应给予重点关注。

关键词: 黑龙江省, 大豆, 气候变暖, 产量

Abstract: Based on the observational data at the agricultural field and the daily meteorological data at 10 weather stations from 1980 to 2008 in Heilongjiang province, the temporal and spatial characteristics of main climatic elements and the impact of climate warming on soybean were analyzed by methods of a climatic variability, a Mann-Kendall test and a statistical regression. The results show that the warming trend is significant in the study area from 1980 to 2008. Annual mean air temperature increases; frost-free season extends and has the difference between different regions; heat resource increases significantly, especially in the south of Heilongjiang province. Hundred-grain weight of soybean increases with the increase of air temperature in September, while it decreases with the increase of annual mean air temperature. It suggests that the effect of warming in autumn on soybean yield is positive, while that of annual mean air temperature is negative. The effects of climatic warming on soybean yield are both advantages and disadvantages. Thus, it should be greatly considered for adjustment of planting pattern of soybean.

Key words: Heilongjiang province, Soybean, Climate warming, Yield