主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 63-68.doi:

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

1971—2010年黑龙江省蒸发量气候变化特征

朱红蕊1 刘赫男1 张洪玲1 尹嫦姣2   

  1. 1.黑龙江省气候中心，黑龙江 哈尔滨150030；2.佳木斯市气象局，黑龙江 佳木斯154000
  • 出版日期:2013-06-29 发布日期:2013-06-29

Climatic characters of evaporation from 1971 to 2010 in Heilongjiang province

ZHU Hong-rui1 LIU He-nan1 ZHANG Hong-ling1 YIN Chang-jiao2   

  1. 1. Climate Center of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, China; 2. Jiamusi Metrological Service, Jiamusi 154000, China
  • Online:2013-06-29 Published:2013-06-29

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摘要： 利用1971—2010年黑龙江省63个气象站地面气象观测数据，应用气候趋势系数、气候倾向率等方法分析黑龙江省蒸发皿蒸发量和实际蒸发量的时空演变特征。结果表明：近40 a来，黑龙江省蒸发皿蒸发量总体呈下降趋势，气候倾向率达-62.7 mm/10 a，春季和夏季下降显著。从空间分布看，全省蒸发皿蒸发量呈下降趋势，但局部地区与气候变化趋势并不完全同步。在影响蒸发皿蒸发量的气象因子中，风速和气温日较差是影响其下降的关键因素。黑龙江省大部分地区年实际蒸发量占蒸发皿蒸发量的30 %，实际蒸发量呈微弱上升趋势，但不显著。实际蒸发量与降水、日照时数和气温日较差显著相关，日较差是影响其变化的首要原因。

关键词: 黑龙江省, 蒸发皿蒸发量, 实际蒸发量

Abstract: Based on the observational data in 63 weather stations from 1971 to 2010 in Heilongjiang province, the spatial and temporal characters of pan evaporation and actual evaporation were analyzed using methods of a climate trend coefficient and a climatic tendency. The results show that pan evaporation is in a decreasing trend in Heilongjiang province and its climatic trend is -62.7 mm per decade in the recent 40 years, especially in spring and summer. For the spatial distribution, pan evaporation is also in a decreasing trend in the whole province, while its trend in the local region is not synchronized with the whole one. Among the meteorological factors, wind speed and diurnal temperature range (DTR) are the key elements effecting pan evaporation. The annual actual evaporation accounts for 30% of pan evaporation and is in a slightly increasing trend, while its trend is not significant. The actual evaporation is significantly correlated with precipitation, sunshine duration and DTR, especially with diurnal temperature range.

Key words: Heilongjiang province, Pan evaporation, Actual evaporation