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主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 81-86.doi:

• 论　文 • 上一篇    下一篇

1960—2011年洞庭湖区年降水量变化特征

黄菊梅1，2邹用昌2 彭嘉栋3 蔡海朝4  覃鸿1，2   

  1. 1.洞庭湖气候中心，湖南 岳阳 414000；2.岳阳市气象局，湖南 岳阳 414000；3.湖南省气候中心，湖南 长沙 410119；4.娄底市气象局，湖南 娄底 410400
  • 出版日期:2013-12-31 发布日期:2013-12-31

Variation characteristics of annual precipitation from 1960 to 2011 in Dongting Lake area

HUANG Ju-mei1,2 ZOU Yong-chang2 PENG Jia-dong3 CAI Hai-chao4 QIN Hong1,2   

  1. 1. Dongting Lake Climate Center, Yueyang 414000, China; 2.Yueyang Meteorology Service, Yueyang 414000, China; 3. Hu’nan Climate Center, Changsha 410119, China; 4. Loudi Meteorological Service, Loudi 417000, China
  • Online:2013-12-31 Published:2013-12-31

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摘要： 以洞庭湖区24个气象站1960—2011年的降水量资料为基础数据，利用气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall突变检验法、小波分析等方法分析了洞庭湖区年降水量的变化特征，并采用正交分解函数EOF、旋转正交分解函数REOF计算了洞庭湖区年尺度的标准化降水指数（SPI），分析了洞庭湖区的旱涝时空分布特征。结果表明：洞庭湖区年降水量空间上由北向南逐渐增加，时间上没有显著变化趋势。1963年洞庭湖年降水量发生突变。洞庭湖区年降水量存在6a、9a和16—17a振荡周期。洞庭湖区旱涝频繁，极端气候事件有增加的趋势。洞庭湖区年降水量在空间上具有较好的一致性，为普遍干旱或洪涝，但也存在南北反相变化即南部干旱北部洪涝或南部洪涝北部干旱的特点。洞庭湖区年降水量存在南部、西北部和中部3个异常气候区。

关键词: font-family: 宋体, mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman', mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt, mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, 周期变化')">mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">周期变化, 突变, 旱涝

Abstract: Based on the precipitation data at 24 weather stations from 1960 to 2011 in Donting Lake area, the annual precipitation variation was analyzed by methods of a climatic trend rate, a Mann-Kendall test and a wavelet analysis. Annual SPI (standard precipitation index) was calculated by methods of an EOF (empirical orthogonal function) and a REOF (rotated empirical orthogonal function), and the temporal and spatial distributions of drought and flood were discussed. The results show that the annual precipitation increases from south to north on spatial scale in Dongting Lake area, while its trend is not significant on temporal scale. An abrupt change of annual precipitation appears in 1963. There are 6 years, 9 years, and 16-17 years precipitation oscillation cycles in Dongting Lake area. Drought and flood are frequent and extreme weather events are in increasing trends in the study area. The annual precipitation has good consistency on spatial scale, i.e. general drought or flood. But there are also cases in which it is drought in the south and flood in the north and vice verse. There are the south, northwest and middle areas of abnormal climate regions for annual precipitation in Dongting Lake area.

Key words: font-family: "Times New Roman", mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt, mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, mso-bidi-language: AR-SA, Oscillation period')">mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">Oscillation period, Abrupt change, Drought and flood