主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 100-107.doi:

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961—2010年四川盆地霾气候特征及影响因子分析

郭晓梅1  陈娟2  赵天良1  郑小波2
   

  1. 1. 南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室，江苏 南京 210044；2. 贵州省气候中心，贵州 贵阳 550002
  • 出版日期:2014-12-30 发布日期:2014-12-30

Climate characteristics of haze and its impacting factors from 1961 to 2010 in Sichuan basin

GUO Xiao-mei1 CHEN Juan 2 ZHAO Tian-liang1 ZHENG Xiao-bo 2   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory for Aerosol-cloud-precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; 2. Guizhou Climate Center, Guiyang 550002, China
  • Online:2014-12-30 Published:2014-12-30

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摘要：

利用1961—2010年四川盆地122个气象站观测资料，分析四川盆地年平均霾日数时空分布特征及霾日数季节和年变化趋势。探讨近50 a四川盆地大气干消光系数、风速、能源消耗和人口等因素与霾日数之间的关系。结果表明：1961—2010年四川盆地122个站年平均霾日数为62.5 d，最多的站可达100.0 d以上。霾日数有明显季节变化，四川盆地冬季霾日数最多（28.4 d），春、秋季次之，夏季最少（5.9 d）。四川盆地有104个站霾日数年变化呈增加的趋势，其中有71个站通过了置信度99 %的检验，霾日数增加最多的是四川省内江地区的戚远，气候倾向率为42.0 d/10 a；霾日数增加最少的是成都市的新都，气候倾向率为0.4 d/10 a。四川盆地有18个站霾日数年变化呈下降趋势，仅7个站点通过了置信度99 %的信度检验，霾日数减少最多的是四川北部广元地区的南江，气候倾向率为-16.7 d/10 a。霾日数的年变化与大气干消光系数呈显著正相关，与风速呈显著负相关，与四川盆地的能源消耗和人口增长呈显著正相关。

关键词: 霾, 气溶胶, 消光系数

Abstract:

Based on observed data from 122 weather stations during 1961 to 2010 in Sichuan basin, temporal and spatial distribution of the number of haze days and its seasonal and annual trends were analyzed. Relationships of the number of haze days with atmospheric extinction coefficients, wind speed, energy consumption and population and so on were discussed. The results indicate that the number of annual mean haze days at 122 weather stations is 62.5 days from 1961 to 2010 in Sichuan Basin, and the maximum could reach above 100 days for a certain station. The number of haze days has a significant seasonal variation, and its maximum occurs in winter with 28.4 days, and then in spring and autumn, and the minimum is in summer with 2.9 days. Annual variation of the number of haze days is in an increasing trend for 104 weather stations in Sichuan Basin, and there are 71 weather stations passing a confidence level of 99%. The maximum and minimum increasing rates occur in Qiyuan station with 42.0 days per decade and Xindu station with 0.4 days per decade. On the other hand, annual variation of the number of haze days is in a decreasing trend for 18 stations in Sichuan basin, and there are 7 weather stations passing a confidence level of 99%. The most significant decreasing rate occurs in Nanjiang station with -16.7 days per decade. Annual variation of the number of haze days is a positive correlation relationship with atmospheric extinction coefficients, regional energy consumption and population, and is a negative correlation relationship with wind speed.

Key words: Haze, Aerosol, Extinction coefficient