主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 90-97.doi:

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤水分条件对冬小麦生长发育及产量构成影响研究

李钰春1袁淑杰1  郭晓梅1刘晶淼2 梁宏3白月明4安顺清4   

  1. 1. 成都信息工程学院大气科学学院，四川 成都 610225；2. 中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所，辽宁 沈阳 110166；3. 中国气象局大气探测中心，北京 100081；4. 中国气象科学研究院，北京100081
  • 出版日期:2014-11-01 发布日期:2014-11-01

Effect of soil moisture on growth and yield of winter wheat

LI Yu-chun1  YUAN Shu-jie1  GUO Xiao-mei 1  LIU Jing-miao2  LIANG Hong3 BAI Yue-ming4  AN Shun-qing4   

  1. 1. Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China; 2. Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110166, China; 3. Atmospheric Observation Technology Center, Beijing 100081, China; 4. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Online:2014-11-01 Published:2014-11-01

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摘要：

通过2011—2013年中国气象局固城生态环境与农业气象试验站冬小麦种植试验，利用冬小麦不同生育期土壤湿度、根长密度、株高、绿叶面积和产量等资料，研究不同土壤水分条件对河北固城冬小麦生长发育和产量构成的影响。结果表明：2011—2012年固城站冬小麦0—50 cm土壤相对湿度>50%为冬小麦适宜土壤湿度。2012—2013年固城站冬小麦各生育期0—80 cm土壤相对湿度<55%时，尽管80—120 cm土壤相对湿度为55%—80%，但冬小麦根系和产量构成要素均较小。冬小麦各生育期0—80 cm土壤相对湿度为55%—70%时，冬小麦根系总量最多，则冬小麦生长发育最好，产量构成要素均较好，总产量最高。冬小麦各生育期0—120 cm土壤相对湿度<55%时，冬小麦根系总量最小，且根系集中分布的深度也较浅，总产量最小。冬小麦各生育期0—120 cm土壤相对湿度>80%时，冬小麦根系总量较多，但总体产量比0—80 cm土壤相对湿度为55%—70%时低。

关键词: 冬小麦, 土壤湿度, 生长发育, 产量

Abstract:

Based on soil moisture at different growth stages, root length density, plant height, leaf area and yield data from field experiments at Gucheng agro-meteorological field experimental station of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences during 2011 to 2013 for winter wheat, effects of different soil moisture on growth and yield were analyzed. The results indicate that soil relative humidity greater than 50% in 0-50 cm soil layer is favorable for winter wheat during 2011-2012 at Gucheng station. Root system of winter wheat is not dense and yield of winter wheat are not high when soil moisture in 0-80 cm soil layer is less than 50% during 2012 to 2013, even soil moisture in 80-120 cm soil layer is between 55%-88%. Root system is the densest when soil moisture in 0-80 cm soil layer reaches 55% to 70%, which results in better growth of winter wheat and a good yield. Root system of winter wheat is in the worst condition when relative humidity in 0-120 cm soil layer is less than 55% while it is in the best condition when relative humidity in  0-120 cm soil layer is greater than 80%. Thus, yield of the former is the lowest, but the yield of latter is not highest. The yield under a condition that the soil moisture in 0-80 cm soil layer ranges 55% to 70% is better instead.

Key words: Winter wheat, Soil moisture, Growth conditions, Yield