南海夏季风爆发前后柳州地区前汛期南风型暖区暴雨特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2018.01.005

气象与环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 38-44.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2018.01.005

南海夏季风爆发前后柳州地区前汛期南风型暖区暴雨特征

刘蕾¹, 张凌云¹, 陈茂钦², 苏小玲¹, 袁马强¹

1. 柳州市气象局, 广西柳州 545001;
2. 中国人民解放军95337部队, 广西柳州 545001

收稿日期:2016-12-06 修回日期:2017-03-10 出版日期:2018-02-28 发布日期:2018-02-28
通讯作者: 张凌云,E-mail:364548737@qq.com。 E-mail:364548737@qq.com
作者简介:刘蕾,女,1987年生,工程师,主要从事短期天气预报研究,E-mail:smile_liulei@163.com。
基金资助:
广西壮族自治区气象局气象科研计划（桂气科2016M15）资助。

Characteristics of warm-sector rainstorm with southerly flow during early-flood season in Liuzhou area before or after summer monsoon in the South China Sea

LIU Lei¹, ZHANG Ling-yun¹, CHEN Mao-qin², SU Xiao-ling¹, YUAN Ma-qiang¹

1. Liuzhou Meteorological Service, Liuzhou 545001;
2. 95337 Troops of People's Liberation Army, Liuzhou 545001

Received:2016-12-06 Revised:2017-03-10 Online:2018-02-28 Published:2018-02-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用常规气象观测站、区域自动气象站及NCEP/NCAR（National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research）的1°×1°再分析资料，对比分析了2010-2015年南海夏季风爆发前后柳州地区前汛期南风型暖区暴雨的特征及环流形势。结果表明：72.7%的南风型暖区暴雨出现在南海夏季风爆发后；南海夏季风爆发前后两类暖区暴雨发生时500 hPa均有正涡度的输送，辐合区主要位于925 hPa附近或以下，超低空急流及边界层较强的南风风速辐合是暖区暴雨重要的触发机制；柳州北部地区的地形在一定程度上触发了暖区暴雨的发生，加大了柳州北部地区暴雨的发生频次；南海夏季风爆发前，暴雨区上空湿层较浅薄，中层干冷空气的侵入增加了暴雨区上空的不稳定度，高层辐散机制主要为副热带西风急流；而南海夏季风爆发后，南亚高压提供高层辐散机制，且高层辐散强于低层辐合，高层强烈的"抽吸"作用使暴雨区上空维持旺盛的上升运动，暴雨区湿层深厚，整层高湿的环境有利于降水效率的提高和中尺度对流系统的产生。

关键词: 南海夏季风, 前汛期, 暖区暴雨, "抽吸"作用, 地形

Abstract: The characteristics and circulation patterns of warm-sector rainstorms with the southerly flow in Liuzhou area occurring before or after the summer monsoon over the South China Sea from 2010 to 2015 were analyzed,using observational data at conventional meteorological stations and regional automatic weather stations,as well as reanalysis data of National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) with the resolution of 1°×1°.The results indicated that 72.7% of the warm-sector rainstorms with southerly flow occur after the break of summer monsoon over the South China Sea.The warm-sector rainstorms occurring before or after the summer monsoon over the South China Sea are characterized by a transport of positive vorticity at 500 hPa and a convergence zone near or below 925 hPa.The jets at super-low altitudes and the strong convergence of southerly flow within the boundary layer are the important triggering mechanism of the warm-sector rainstorms.The topography in the northern part of Liuzhou also favors the occurrence of a warm-sector rainstorm,leading to a higher occurrence frequency of warm-sector rainstorm in this region.Before the occurrence of summer monsoon in the South China Sea,the wet layer above the rainstorm area is very shallow,the invasion of dry and cold air at the middle levels favors the instability of atmospheric at upper levels of the rainstorm area,and the subtropics westerly jet is the major mechanism of divergence at upper levels.While after the occurrence of the summer monsoon in the South China Sea,the high pressure at South Asia is the mechanism of divergence at upper levels and the divergence is stronger at upper levels than lower levels.The strong "suction" action sustains the ascending motion at the upper levels of the rainstorm area.The deep wet layer in the rainstorm area is beneficial to enhance the precipitation efficiency and the formation of quasi-stationary mesoscale convective systems.

Key words: summer monsoon over the South China Sea, Early-flood season, Warm-sector rainstorm, Suction action, Topography

中图分类号:

P458.1

刘蕾, 张凌云, 陈茂钦, 苏小玲, 袁马强. 南海夏季风爆发前后柳州地区前汛期南风型暖区暴雨特征[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2018, 34(1): 38-44.

LIU Lei, ZHANG Ling-yun, CHEN Mao-qin, SU Xiao-ling, YUAN Ma-qiang. Characteristics of warm-sector rainstorm with southerly flow during early-flood season in Liuzhou area before or after summer monsoon in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2018, 34(1): 38-44.

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南海夏季风爆发前后柳州地区前汛期南风型暖区暴雨特征

Characteristics of warm-sector rainstorm with southerly flow during early-flood season in Liuzhou area before or after summer monsoon in the South China Sea

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