黑土区土壤水分含量对大豆产量构成因素的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.05.015

Abstract

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of effective soil water content (ESWC) on soybean yield in the black soil region (Heilongjiang),so as to provide the scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation of soybean production.Based on the data of development period,soil water content and yield components during 1994-2017 in the main soybean producing areas of Heilongjiang province,the variation characteristics of ESWC in different development stages of soybean and the classification of drought grades based on the relative soil moisture index were investigated.Meanwhile,the effects of ESWC on soybean yield components in different development stages were analyzed.The results show that the average ESWC in different development stages of soybean is between 14 mm and 18 mm and there are 82 times of droughts including 77 times of mild droughts and 5 times of moderate droughts and there is not severe and special drought from 1994 to 2017.More specifically,the drought more frequently occurs during the period of flowering to pod setting and the period of pod setting to filling and its amount is decreasing year by year in the studied time.The meteorological yield of soybean and the kernels and grain weight per plant have little correlation with the ESWCs at different soil depths,while the hundred-grain weight has a significant correlation with the ESWC at the depth of 20-50 cm from three-leaf to flowering stage and at the depth of 0-20 cm from pod setting to filling stage.In addition,the stem weight indicates a positive correlation with the ESWC at the depth of 30-50 cm from sowing to seedling stage.The higher the ESWC is,especially in deep soil in a certain range from sowing to flowering,the more pods per plant are.Besides,there is a significant correlation between the percentage of empty chaff pods and the ESWCs at the depth of 0-20 cm and 30-40 cm from sowing to seedling and that at the depth of 30-40 cm from seeding and three-leaf stage.

Key words: Effective soil water content, Relative soil moisture, Yield, Drought, Hundred-grain weight

CLC Number:

WANG Ping, YAN Ping, LI Xiu-fen, WANG Liang-liang, WANG Qiu-jing, GONG Li-juan. Effects of soil moisture on yield components of soybean in black soil area[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2019, 35(5): 115-122.

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Effects of soil moisture on yield components of soybean in black soil area

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