人工冻土观测的冻点对应的土壤温度研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.03.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the data observed with the manual frozen soil apparatus (MFSA) and the temperature-measuring automatic frozen soil apparatus (TMMFSA) from December 2018 to March 2020 at four national surface meteorological stations i.e.Kazuo, Shenyang, Liaoyang, and Manzhouli, the freezing point obtained from MFSA and soil temperature measured with TMMFSA were compared.The results show that the freezing point temperature from MFSA was generally consistent with 0℃ with some small differences.At 0-35 cm soil depth, soil temperature corresponding to the freezing point was between -2 to 6℃ with a jumping change.Below 35 cm soil depth, soil temperature corresponding to the freezing point ranged from -0.5 to 1℃, and the mean temperature corresponding to the freezing point in the melting process was higher than that in the freezing process.The completely melting time observed with MFSA was later than that when the 0℃ lines observed by TMMFSA disappeared completely.The essence of artificially frozen soil observation is to obtain the position of soil temperature of 0℃.Under the same temperature conditions, there is no obvious difference between freezing and melting state in the inner pipe of the frozen soil observation instrument filled with water from different stations.The freezing process of the inner pipe of MFSA was closely related to the temperature and duration of the persistent freezing.Specifically, slow change of soil temperature in the deep layer causes the increase of duration of freezing and melting of water in the pipe.As a contact temperature measuring device, reducing the time delay caused by external reasons is very important to improve its sensitivity.It is suggested that the metal outer tube with less temperature lag effect should be used in TMMFSA, and the soil temperature with high spatio-temporal resolution obtained by TMMFSA should be applied to business.More importantly, soil temperature data measured by TMMFSA can provide sufficient data to support the study of the characteristics of soil temperature change and the heat exchange between soil and atmosphere.

Key words: Manual frozen soil apparatus (MFSA), Temperature-measuring automatic frozen soil apparatus, Soil freezing point, Soil temperature

CLC Number:

P467

Yan-yun SUN,Chuan-hai MIAO,Yu CONG,Ruo-nan WANG,Chang HOU,Ying HAN,Lin LI,Nan-shu AO. Analysis of the soil temperature corresponding to the frozen point based on manual frozen soil observation[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2021, 37(3): 102-109.

Figures/Tables 13

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设备名称	外管/mm			是否有内管	是否需要相态变化
设备名称	外径	内径	壁厚	是否有内管	是否需要相态变化
人工冻土器	46	30	8	有	需要
测温式冻土仪	30	24	3	无	不需要

	设备	观测时次	冻点数量	平均温度/℃	最高温度/℃	最低温度/℃	极差/℃
浅层/cm 0—35	001设备	08:00	11	-0.92	-0.12	-1.68	1.56
		14:00	22	1.63	5.25	-0.80	6.05
		20:00	20	-0.34	1.62	-1.56	3.18
深层/cm 35—145	001设备	08:00	43	0.16	0.50	-0.43	0.93
		14:00	43	0.14	0.44	-0.43	0.87
		20:00	43	0.13	0.44	-0.49	0.93
	001设备	不区分	129	0.13	0.50	-0.49	0.09
	002设备	不区分	117	0.17	0.50	-0.31	0.81

	年份	过程	冻点数量	平均温度/℃	最高温度/℃	最低温度/℃	极差/℃
浅层/cm 0—35	2018—2019年	不区分	19	-0.97	0.81	-3.06	3.87
	2019—2020年	不区分	21	0.00	0.77	-1.71	2.48
		融化	12	0.25	0.77	-0.35	1.12
		冻结	9	-0.36	0.00	-1.17	1.17
深层/cm 35—145	2018—2019年	不区分	101	0.26	0.50	-0.15	0.65
	2019—2020年	不区分	96	0.16	1.06	-0.50	1.56
		融化	25	0.39	0.86	0.13	0.73
		冻结	71	0.08	1.06	-0.50	1.56

日期	平均气温/℃	平均地面温度/℃	第一冻土层下界值/m	最高气温/℃	最高地面温度/℃
20181214	-9.2	-9.1	45	0.7	11.5
20181215	-1.3	-2.3	46	2.2	8.8
20181216	-3.1	-4.6	47	4.6	15.2
20181217	-4.7	-5.4	47	4.1	13.6
20181218	-3.7	-4.3	47	3.2	14.3
20181219	-2.8	-5.1	47	5.8	16.2
20181220	-3.0	-3.6	47	5.5	16.0
20181221	1.9	1.4	47	7.2	18.1
20181222	-2.3	-4.0	47	3.2	9.2
20181223	-6.8	-6.6	47	0.6	9.5
20181224	-7.4	-8.9	47	2.0	14.4
20181225	-7.9	-9.3	47	-2.0	8.6

日期	起始状态	设定温度/℃	标准器温度/℃	稳定时间/h	终结状况
日期	起始状态	设定温度/℃	标准器温度/℃	稳定时间/h	辽阳	喀左	沈阳	满洲里
201801103	室温液态	-1.55	-1.320	7	冰	冰	冰	冰
20181106	室温液态	-0.5	-0.190	24	液态	液态	液态	液态
20181108	室温液态	-1.0	-0.680	24	液态	液态	液态	液态
20181109	室温液态	-1.5	-1.180	5	液态	液态	液态	液态
20181109	室温液态	-1.5	-1.180	6	冰	冰	冰	冰
20181109	室温液态	-1.5	-1.180	6.5	冰	冰	冰	冰
20181110	室温液态	-1.0	-0.730	12	液态	液态	液态	液态
20181110	室温液态	-1.0	-0.730	24	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200604	室温液态	-1.5	-1.275	4	液态	液态	液态	液态
20200604	室温液态	-1.5	-1.275	5	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200604	冻结-1.5 ℃	-1.3	-1.083	4	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200604	冻结-1.5 ℃	-1.3	-1.083	8	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200605	室温液态	-1.3	-1.083	4	液态	液态	液态	液态
20200605	室温液态	-1.3	-1.083	8	液态	液态	液态	液态
20200607	室温液态	-1.4	-1.126	4	液态	液态	液态	液态
20200607	室温液态	-1.4	-1.126	8	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200611	室温液态	-20.0	-20.700	2	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200616	冻结-20.0 ℃	-1.6	-1.060	8	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200824	冻结-20.0 ℃	-1.0	-0.730	2	冰	冰	冰	冰
20200824	冻结-20.0 ℃	-1.0	-0.730	7	冰	冰	冰	冰

Analysis of the soil temperature corresponding to the frozen point based on manual frozen soil observation

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