一次东北冷涡云降水垂直结构特征分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.04.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the data observed from a millimeter wavelength cloud radar (8 mm) and a micro rain radar (12.5 mm) at Fuxin national weather station (121.7458°E, 42.0672°N) in Liaoning province during a precipitation event caused by a cold vortex in Northeast China on August 12-13, 2020, we analyzed the characteristics of vertical structures of cloud and precipitation and discussed the precipitation mechanism. The results indicated that clouds develop unevenly in the horizontal direction during the precipitation, dominated by stratiform clouds and stratocumulus mixed clouds, and sometimes convective bubbles are embedded in the clouds. The cloud precipitation has changed significantly in stages, with stratiform cloud precipitation, stratocumulus mixed cloud precipitation, and convective cloud precipitation successively occurring. Both stratiform cloud precipitation and stratocumulus mixed cloud precipitation exhibit obvious bright bands, and the radar echo intensity, echo top height, and precipitation intensity of the stratiform mixed cloud precipitation are greater than that of the stratiform cloud precipitation. The radar echo of convective cloud precipitation attenuates obviously due to the heavy precipitation, thus the echo top height cannot indicate the actual cloud top situation. During the precipitation stage of stratiform clouds, the cloud radar reflectivity increases slowly as the altitude decreases, and the reflectivity decreases due to the combined effects of evaporation and collision of raindrops during their falling process. Compared with the precipitation in the stratiform cloud, the colliding effect of stratocumulus mixed cloud precipitation is stronger, and the evaporation under the cloud becomes weak due to the near-surface humidification effect of the previous precipitation. During the stage of convective cloud precipitation, the increase in reflectivity mainly occurs in the ice-water mixed layer, which favors generating large droplets, broadens the cloud drop spectrum, and improves the efficiency of collision.

Key words: Northeast China cold vortex, Vertical structure of cloud and precipitation, Millimeter wavelength cloud radar, Micro rain radar

CLC Number:

P426.61⁺1

Jin-guang ZHANG, Shu-hui ZHAO, Yang LIU, Li SUN, Nan SHAN, Tie-ning ZHANG, Meng-jia ZHANG. Observations and analysis of vertical structure of cloud and precipitation caused by a cold vortex in Northeast China[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2021, 37(4): 1-8.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

References 17

1	宫福久, 周德平, 陈宝君, 等. 东北冷涡云物理及导变技术[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2005: 1- 13.
2	赵俊虎, 熊开国, 陈丽娟. 东北夏季降水预测技巧偏低的原因探讨[J]. 大气科学, 2020, 44 (5): 913- 934.
3	陈力强, 张立祥, 周小珊. 东北冷涡不稳定能量分布特征及其与降水落区的关系[J]. 高原气象, 2008, 27 (2): 339- 348.
4	施春华, 李慧, 郑彬, 等. 基于Cloudsat探测的一次非典型东北冷涡结构及其降水[J]. 地球物理学报, 2013, 56 (8): 2594- 2602.
5	黄璇, 李栋梁. 1979-2018年5-8月中国东北冷涡建立的客观识别方法及变化特征[J]. 气象学报, 2020, 78 (6): 945- 961.
6	齐铎, 袁美英, 周奕含, 等. 一次东北冷涡过程的结构特征与降水关系分析[J]. 高原气象, 2020, 39 (4): 808- 818.
7	齐彦斌, 郭学良, 金德镇. 一次东北冷涡中对流云带的宏微物理结构探测研究[J]. 大气科学, 2007, 31 (4): 621- 634. doi: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2007.04.07
8	田磊, 桑建人, 姚展予, 等. 基于Ka波段云雷达的六盘山顶云特征分析[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2021, 37 (2): 84- 90. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.02.012
9	黄毅梅, 周毓荃. 95GHz云雷达对一次冷锋云系结构的观测分析[J]. 高原气象, 2012, 31 (4): 1129- 1138.
10	王柳柳, 刘黎平, 余继周, 等. 毫米波云雷达冻雨-降雪微物理和动力特征分析[J]. 气象, 2017, 43 (12): 1473- 1486.
11	陈羿辰, 金永利, 丁德平, 等. 毫米波测云雷达在降雪观测中的应用初步分析[J]. 大气科学, 2018, 42 (1): 134- 149.
12	李玉莲, 孙学金, 赵世军, 等. Ka波段毫米波云雷达多普勒谱降雪微物理特征分析[J]. 红外与毫米波学报, 2019, 38 (2): 245- 253.
13	康增妹, 李忠亮, 刘伟, 等. 河北省一次降水云系云物理结构的飞机探测研究[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2019, 35 (4): 1- 7.
14	Wang H , Lei H C , Yang J F . Microphysical processes of a stratiform precipitation event over eastern China: analysis using micro rain radar data[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Science, 2017, 34 (12): 1472- 1482. doi: 10.1007/s00376-017-7005-6
15	曹宁, 张立新, 桑建人, 等. 基于微雨雷达的六盘山区地形云降水宏微观特征观测分析[J]. 气象科学, 2019, 39 (6): 775- 785.
16	Cao Q , Zhang G F . Errors in estimating raindrop size distribution parameters employing disdrometer and simulated raindrop spectra[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2009, 48 (2): 406- 425. doi: 10.1175/2008JAMC2026.1
17	Chen B J , Yang J , Pu J P . Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution in the meiyu season observed in eastern China[J]. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 2013, 91 (2): 215- 227.

序号	指标项	云雷达	微雨雷达
1	雷达体制	脉冲多普勒，单发双收，全固态，脉冲压缩	调频连续波
2	工作频率	35 GHz±500 MHz(Ka波段)	24 GHz
3	探测范围	距离：120 m—20 km；回波强度：-45~+30 dBz；径向速度：-18~18 m·s^-1；速度谱宽：0—4 m·s^-1	距离：100—3100 m；径向速度：0—0.62 m·s^-1
4	分辨力	距离≤30 m；回波强度≤0.1 dBz；径向速度≤0.1 m·s^-1；速度谱宽≤0.1 m·s^-1；线性退极化比≤0.1 dB	时间：60 s；距离：100 m

降水阶段	北京时间	主要降水性质
A	12日21:00—23:51	层状云降水
B	13日03:30—06:00	层状云降水
C	13日06:00—08:06	层积混合云降水
D	13日09:00—10:00	对流云降水

[1]	YING Shuang.YUAN Da-yu . LI Shang-feng . Comparative analysis of severe convective weather characteristics in different stages of Northeast China cold vortex [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2014, 30(4): 9-18.
[2]	ZHOU Xiao-shan CUI Jin WANG Lian-zhong CHEN Li-qiang YANG Sen. Establishment of numerical prediction system for Northeast China cold vortex and its operational application [J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2012, 28(5): 1-.

Observations and analysis of vertical structure of cloud and precipitation caused by a cold vortex in Northeast China

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 17

Related Articles 2

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 10