Fig.1

Schematic diagram of county-level administrative districts in Heilongjiang province affected by freezing rain weather on November 8, 2021"

Fig.2

Zonal wind field at 200 hPa (a), altitude and temperature fields as well as wind field at 500 hPa (b), altitude and wind field at 850 hPa (c), and the sea-level pressure field and temperature field (d) for the East Asian region at 08:00 on November 8, 2021"

Fig.3

Vertical velocity fields and divergence fields across the entire layer above the airport along the 45.37°N meridional vertical profile (a) and the entire layer vertical velocity fields and relative vorticity fields across the zonal vertical profile along 126.14°E (b) at 08:00 on November 8, 2021"

Fig.4

Whole layer pseudo-equivalent potential temperature field (a), the sounding curve diagram for the whole layer temperature and dew point temperature (b), and the temperature advection distribution at 850 hPa (c) above the airport (45.37°N, 126.14°E) at 08:00 on November 8, 2021"

Fig.5

Spatial distribution of the total column water vapor flux and water vapor flux divergence in the East Asian region (a), and the sounding curve of the total column specific humidity field above the airport (b) at 08:00 on November 8, 2021"

Fig.6

Spatial distribution of water vapor transport pathways in the East Asian region based on the HYSPLIT model′s air mass backward trajectory simulation from November 2 to 8, 2021 (a), and the altitude changes during air mass transport (b)"

Fig.7

Distribution characteristics of the zonal wind anomaly field at 200 hPa (a), the height anomaly field and wind anomaly field at 500 hPa (b), the height anomaly field and wind anomaly field at 850 hPa (c), and the sea level pressure anomaly field and temperature anomaly field (d) in the East Asian region from November 8 to 9, 2021"

Table 1

Statistical overview of ENSO events from 1992 to 2021"

Fig.8

Composite analysis of the anomaly distribution of the 850 hPa wind field and geopotential height field (a), and the sea level pressure field and surface temperature field (b) in the East Asian region in November of 2000, 2011, and 2021 (the double-peak La Niña year)"