辽宁东南半岛两次北上台风暴雨特征及成因对比分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2022.02.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the conventional meteorological observations, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Final (FNL) reanalysis data, satellite and radar measurements, we compared the characteristics and causes of precipitation during two extreme rainstorm events in the Southeast Peninsula of Liaoning province caused by the Typhoon "Damrey" in 2012 (Process 1) and the Typhoon "Haitang" in 2017 (Process 2) in this study.The results indicated that the precipitation during the two processes shows different characteristics.The stable and persistent heavy precipitation (lasting for 30 h) occurs over large areas during Process 1, due to the train effect caused by the multiple mesoscale cloud clusters triggered by a typhoon inverted trough.Process 2 is characterized by higher hourly precipitation intensity (reaching 113 mm·h^-1) and obvious convective precipitation.During Process 2, small-scale cumulus continue to regenerate and pour into the mesoscale cloud clusters.The radar charts show backward propagation, with basic reflectivity of strong storms of 50-60 dBz.The mesoscale convergent winds expand up to 9 km, and convective clouds develop more vigorously.Process 1 develops within the typhoon inverted trough, and Process 2 is generated by the interaction between warm-humid air transported by the typhoon and dry-cold air in the troposphere.During the two processes, a water vapor conveyor belt spanning 10 latitudes is formed between the typhoon remnant vortex and the Subtropical High, with the water vapor flux at 850 hPa reaching 20-25 g^-1·cm^-1·hPa^-1·s^-1 and the values of specific humidity and water vapor flux divergence reaching the rainstorm forecast thresholds for the landing typhoon in Liaoning province.The long-distance typhoons play a key role in blocking the southward movement of the Subtropical High and establishing the guiding airflow for the typhoons' northward movement.Due to the residual vortex inverted trough of typhoon "Damrey", the convergence layer extends from the ground to the height of 500 hPa during Process 1, exhibiting stronger dynamic uplift conditions.During Process 2, the pseudo-equivalent temperature at 850 hPa reaches 354 K, and the potential instability is stronger.Due to the large-scale convergence and forced uplift of terrains, deeper convective clouds are formed and generates more distinct convective precipitation.

Key words: Southeast Peninsula of Liaoning province, Typhoon, Torrential rainfall, Water vapor flux, Potential instability

CLC Number:

P458.1⁺24

Yao-peng CUI, Lei YANG, Li SUN, Yan-bo GAO, Hai-ning WEI, Jing-jing HUA, Jing-xuan CUI, Chun-xi LIU. Comparison of characteristics and causes of two northward typhoon rainstorms in the Southeast Peninsula of Liaoning province[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2022, 38(2): 1-11.

Figures/Tables 8

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要素	2012年“达维”	2017年“海棠”
主要降水时段	2012年8月2日20:00—4日08:00	2017年8月3日20:00—4日20:00
持续时间	持续时间长达30 h，主要降水出现3日02:00—4日08:00	持续时间仅仅12 h，主要降水时段出现在3日20:00—4日08:00
最大过程降水量及发生地	庄河市仙人洞镇，330 mm	岫岩县哨子河乡马岭村，503 mm
最大小时雨强及发生地	2012年8月3日12:00—13:00瓦房店市红沿河镇，51 mm·h^-1	2017年8月4日06:00—07:00岫岩县哨子河乡永贵村，113 mm·h^-1
暴雨移动路径	从辽宁南部向北部移动	从辽宁南部向东移动
小时降雨量超过50 mm 站次/超过100 mm站次	9/0	125/1

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Comparison of characteristics and causes of two northward typhoon rainstorms in the Southeast Peninsula of Liaoning province

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