登陆台风“杰拉华”与“海葵”降雨差异的水汽输送特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2018.05.003

气象与环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 16-24.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2018.05.003

登陆台风“杰拉华”与“海葵”降雨差异的水汽输送特征

戴竹君^1,2, 吴海英^1,3, 姜有山², 夏敏洁², 朱鑫君⁴, 庆涛⁴

1. 中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室, 江苏南京 210009;
2. 南京市气象局, 江苏南京 210019;
3. 江苏省气象台, 江苏南京 210008;
4. 南京市江宁区气象局, 江苏南京 211100

收稿日期:2016-12-20 修回日期:2017-11-27 出版日期:2018-10-31 发布日期:2018-10-31
通讯作者: 吴海英,E-mail:951129833@qq.com E-mail:951129833@qq.com
作者简介:戴竹君,女,1989年生,工程师,主要从事天气分析及数值模拟研究,E-mail:daizhujun99@163.com。
基金资助:
气象预报业务关键技术发展专项子项目（YBGJXM（2018）1B-07）、江苏省科技厅自然基金项目（BK20131459）和气象预报业务关键技术发展专项子项目（YBGJXM（2017）1B-07）共同资助。

Characteristics of water vapor transport in precipitation difference between two landing typhoons of “Jelawat” and “Haiku”

DAI Zhu-jun^1,2, WU Hai-ying^1,3, JIANG You-shan², XIA Min-jie², ZHU Xin-jun⁴, QING Tao⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing 210009;
2. Nanjing Meteorological Service, Nanjing 210019, China;
3. Jiangsu Meteorological Observatory, Nanjing 210008, China;
4. Meteorology Service in Jiangning District of Naning, Nanjing 211100, China

Received:2016-12-20 Revised:2017-11-27 Online:2018-10-31 Published:2018-10-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用水平分辨率1.0°×1.0°的美国国家环境预报中心（National Centers for Environmental Prediction，NCEP）再分析资料、水平分辨率为2.5°×2.5°的美国国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，NOAA）大气环流资料、水平分辨率为1.0°×1.0°的NCEP全球资料同化系统（Global Data Assimilation System，GDAS）资料，结合拉格朗日混合单粒子轨迹模式（Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model，HYSPLIT）对两个路径相似但降雨分布存在较大差别的登陆台风“杰拉华”和“海葵”进行水汽输送对比分析，并进一步探讨水汽对于台风“海葵”登陆减弱后引发暴雨增幅的影响。结果表明：登陆后台风“海葵”维持时间和风雨的影响明显强于“杰拉华”；陆地上输送的水汽（59.9%）是台风“杰拉华”的主要的水汽通道，但得不到暖洋面上的水汽补充，迫使其快速衰亡，降雨强度也较弱；而台风“海葵”登陆后，南海和黄海依然为其提供了大部分的水汽，台风“海葵”登陆后的水汽来源可以分为两类，一类为直接从洋面进入雨区的偏东水汽，另一类为与热带气旋（Tropical Cyclones，TC）环流相联系的偏南水汽。台风“海葵”登陆后第一轮暴雨的水汽主要来源于日本以东洋面（61.2%），南海水汽输送在一定程度上促进了第二轮暴雨的增强。江苏南部地区降雨的水汽主要来源于东海和中国东部地区（46.3%），中国东部地区蕴含的水汽和能量低于暖洋面，运行过程中携带的水汽量逐渐减少，可能是江苏南部地区降雨强度偏弱的原因之一。

关键词: 登陆台风, 相似路径, 降雨差异, 水汽输送, HYSPLIT模式

Abstract: Based on the reanalysis data with a spatial resolution of 1.0°×1.0° from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP),the atmospheric circulation data of 2.5°×2.5° from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the assimilation data of 1.0°×1.0° from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS),and using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) Model,the characteristics of water vapor transport were analyzed for two landing typhoons "Jelawat" and "Haikui" that had similar tracks but large difference in precipitation distributions and the effect of water vapor on increase of heavy rainfall after landing weakness of the "Haikui" typhoon was discussed.The results showed that the maintenance duration and precipitation of "Haikui" after landing are stronger than those of "Jelawat" after landing.Water vapor transported from the inland (59.9%) plays an important role for "Jelawat".Without water supplement from the ocean,"Jelawat" declines rapidly and the precipitation intensity decreases.After the landing of "Haikui",water vapor is mostly transported from the South China Sea and Yellow Sea,which can come from two paths,one from the eastern ocean surface that travels directly into the rainfall area and the other from the southern region related to the tropical cyclone (TC) circulations.Water vapor during the first heavy precipitation event after the landing of "Haikui" is mainly coming from the ocean in the east of Japan (61.2%),and water vapor transported from the South China Sea contributes the enhancement of the second heavy precipitation event to a certain extent.Water vapor during precipitation in the southern region of Jiangsu province is mainly from the East China Sea and East China (46.3%).Water vapor and energy in the East China are both smaller than those from the southern warm ocean,and water vapor decreases gradually during long distance transportation,which probably results in the weak precipitation in the southern region of Jiangsu province.

Key words: Landing typhoon, Typhoon track, Precipitation intensity, Water vapor transport, HYSPLIT model

中图分类号:

P458.1⁺24

戴竹君, 吴海英, 姜有山, 夏敏洁, 朱鑫君, 庆涛. 登陆台风“杰拉华”与“海葵”降雨差异的水汽输送特征[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2018, 34(5): 16-24.

DAI Zhu-jun, WU Hai-ying, JIANG You-shan, XIA Min-jie, ZHU Xin-jun, QING Tao. Characteristics of water vapor transport in precipitation difference between two landing typhoons of “Jelawat” and “Haiku”[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2018, 34(5): 16-24.

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登陆台风“杰拉华”与“海葵”降雨差异的水汽输送特征

Characteristics of water vapor transport in precipitation difference between two landing typhoons of “Jelawat” and “Haiku”

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