沈阳城市绿地土壤呼吸时空变化特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2020.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以沈阳市4类植被配置方式24块城市绿地为研究对象，探究城市绿地土壤呼吸速率的时空动态变化规律及其影响因素。结果表明：土壤呼吸速率具有显著的夏季高、冬季低的季节动态规律性，偏相关分析显示，土壤温度与土壤呼吸时间动态变化显著相关。此外，植被配置方式对绿地土壤呼吸速率的影响存在差异：稀乔（5.68 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）>乔草（5.66 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）>乔灌（4.75 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）>乔灌草（3.84 μmol·m^-2·s^-1），稀乔和乔草土壤呼吸显著高于乔灌草配置。空间异质性分析显示，由疏透度导致的地表土壤温度差异，加之土壤有机质等养分条件差异可能是不同植被配置城市绿地土壤呼吸速率出现差异的主要因素。冬季和夏季拟合结果对比显示土壤温度是影响城市绿地碳排放空间异质性的主要因素，因此，如何通过合理的植被配置减少直达地表光照辐射、降低土壤温度是实现城市绿地减排的重要选项。

关键词: 植被配置, 空间异质性, 土壤温度

Abstract:

Basing on 24 urban green spaces of four vegetation configurations in Shenyang, this study aimed to examine the temporal and spatial dynamics of soil respiration and its influencing factors.Results show that soil respiration has obviously seasonal variation patterns.Partial correlation analysis indicates that soil temperature is the vital factor affecting temporal variation of soil respiration.In addition, respiration of four vegetation types are 5.68 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 (Sparse trees), 5.66 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 (Tree-grasses), 4.75 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 (Tree-shrubs), and 3.84 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 (Tree-shrub-grasses), respectively.The soil respiration of Sparse trees and Tree-grasses are significantly higher than that of Tree-shrub-grasses.Spatial heterogeneity analysis shows that the difference of soil temperature caused by the degree of dialysis, combined with the diverse nutrient conditions such as soil organic matter, would be the main factors contributing to the soil respiration rate difference among vegetation configurations.The winter and summer regressions both show that soil temperature is the principle factor affecting the spatial heterogeneity of carbon emission among urban green spaces.Therefore, reasonable vegetation configuration which contributes to the reduction of direct surface illumination and soil temperature, would be an important method to achieve urban green space CO₂ emission reduction.

Key words: Vegetation configuration, Spatial heterogeneity, Soil temperature

中图分类号:

P461⁺.7

白洁,范志平,林力涛,李群,孙学凯,马溪平,李丹丹. 沈阳城市绿地土壤呼吸时空变化特征[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2020, 36(5): 105-112.

Jie BAI,Zhi-ping FAN,Li-tao LIN,Qun LI,Xue-kai SUN,Xi-ping MA,Dan-dan LI. Temporal and spatial pattern of soil respiration pattern in urban green spaces of Shenyang[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2020, 36(5): 105-112.

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植被类型	样点名称	含水量/(%)	有机质/(%)	微生物碳/ (mg·kg^-1)	微生物氮/ (mg·kg^-1)
稀乔	百鸟公园、九一八、马路旁、建设公园、克俭公园、南塔公园	12.56 (5.33)	4.00 (3.11)	191.86 (74.29)	69.45^a(38.90)
乔灌	科普公园、仙女湖公园、抗美援朝纪念馆、八一公园、辽宁大学(崇山)、惠工广场	10.10 (3.56)	2.33 (0.53)	170.75 (66.86)	184.96^b(81.82)
乔草	北运河畔、沈阳生态所、南湖公园、中山公园、沈阳农业大学、万泉公园	15.70 (4.84)	3.00 (1.05)	174.45 (81.02)	91.93^ab(86.74)
乔灌草	体育公园、鸟岛、劳动公园、北陵公园、青年公园、东陵公园	12.41 (5.92)	3.36 (1.15)	200.01 (55.09)	186.53^b(124.04)

控制变量	变量	偏相关系数	P
土壤温度	土壤湿度	0.164	0.558
土壤湿度	土壤温度	0.880	0.000

因子	土壤温度	土壤湿度	土壤有机质	微生物碳	微生物氮
土壤温度	1	0.651^**	0.514^**	0.462^**	0.102
土壤湿度	0.651^**	1	0.334	0.262	0.043
土壤有机质	0.514^**	0.334	1	0.473^*	0.335
微生物碳	0.462^**	0.262	0.473*	1	0.516^*
微生物氮	0.102	0.043	0.335	0.516^*	1

类型	R²	解释因子(权重)
冬季	0.176	T (0.466)^*	-	-
夏季	0.792	T (0.445)^**	SOM (0.369)^**	MBC (0.302)^*

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