2007-2019年湖北省地闪分布特征及雷电强度等级划分

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据2007—2019年地闪监测资料，采用数理统计方法，分析湖北省闪电活动时空分布特征，融合地闪密度和雷电流强度，提出雷电强度的概念，并完成湖北省雷电强度等级划分。结果表明：湖北省以负极性闪电为主，占94.7%，平均正地闪强度为50.2 kA、负闪36.0 kA、总闪37.0 kA。闪电活动主要集中在全年的3—9月、全天的14—20时，闪电活动较弱的月份、时段发生正地闪的比例较高。正地闪强度月变化大致呈“V”型，总闪电和负地闪强度逐月波动变化。雷电流强度日变化主要呈单峰单谷型，正地闪强度09时最大，15时最小，总闪电和负地闪13—14时雷电流强度最小，05时最大。地闪密度和雷电流强度存在地域性差异，整体呈东高西低分布特征。湖北省雷电强度可划分为高、中、低3个等级，高值区主要位于湖北东部的大别山、幕阜山与江汉平原交汇地带以及湖北西部山区向江汉平原的过渡地带；湖北西南、湖北西北以及湖北个别边缘区域雷电强度等级较低；中值区主要分布在湖北中部平原一带。

关键词: 地闪密度, 雷电流强度, 雷电强度等级

Abstract:

To provide evidence for lightning protection engineering design and lightning disaster protection work, further study was carried out on lightning activity regularity in Hubei province.According to the monitored data of ground flash from 2007 to 2019, temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning activity were analyzed using the mathematical statistics method.Combining two parameters, ground flash density, and lightning current intensity, the concept of lightning intensity was proposed, and the classification of lightning intensity levels in Hubei province was completed.The results show that the lightning activity in Hubei province is mainly negative lightning, which accounts for 94.7%.The average intensity for positive, negative ground flash and the whole lightning are 50.2 kA, 36.0 kA, and 37.0 kA, respectively.The lightning activities mainly occur between March and September in a year and between 14:00 and 20:00 pm in a day.The positive ground flash has a high proportion in the low incidence months and periods of lightning.The monthly variation of positive ground flash intensity appears to be a V-shaped form, while total ground flash and negative ground flash fluctuate from month to month.The daily variation of lightning current intensity shows a single-peak and single-valley type.The peak value of positive ground flash intensity appears at 09:00 and the valley value appears at 15:00.The peak value of ground flash and negative lightning intensity appears at 05:00 and the valley value appears from 13:00 to 14:00.There are regional differences in ground flash density and lightning current intensity, and the overall distribution is high in the east and low in the west.The lightning intensity in Hubei province can be divided into three levels: high, medium, and low.The high-value areas are mainly located in the confluence zone of Dabieshan Mountains, Mufushan Mountains, Jianghan Plain, and the transition zone from the western mountainous area to Jianghan Plain, while the low-value areas are mainly distributed in the southwest, northwest, and some individual edge areas of Hubei province.The median areas are mainly distributed in the central plain areas of Hubei province.

Key words: Ground flash density, Lightning current intensity, Level of lightning intensity

中图分类号:

P427.3

余田野,王学良,张科杰,赵涛,王小飞. 2007-2019年湖北省地闪分布特征及雷电强度等级划分[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2021, 37(6): 79-85.

Tian-ye YU,Xue-liang WANG,Ke-jie ZHANG,Tao ZHAO,Xiao-fei WANG. The distribution characteristics of ground flash and classification of lightning intensity in Hubei province from 2007 to 2019[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2021, 37(6): 79-85.

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年份	总闪电频次/次	正地闪比例/(%)	昼夜闪电频次比值	总闪电强度/kA	正地闪强度/kA	负地闪强度/kA	白天闪电强度/kA	夜晚闪电强度/kA
2007	655984	3.4	1.3	34.4	46.6	34.0	34.1	34.8
2008	769148	3.8	1.3	35.0	45.0	34.6	34.2	36.0
2009	523365	4.1	1.1	34.8	48.0	34.2	34.5	35.2
2010	714922	3.7	1.6	35.2	45.2	34.9	34.7	36.2
2011	404631	4.3	1.5	33.4	47.5	32.8	33.0	34.1
2012	433404	4.8	1.7	35.6	48.0	34.9	34.8	36.9
2013	452862	5.2	2.0	36.8	49.7	36.1	35.5	39.6
2014	210111	6.9	1.0	40.1	54.8	39.1	38.5	41.8
2015	208063	9.3	0.9	39.5	53.3	38.1	38.2	40.6
2016	209477	12.3	1.4	40.5	56.9	38.2	38.9	42.8
2017	176081	10.1	1.9	37.9	51.0	36.4	36.0	41.4
2018	218247	8.2	1.8	37.6	52.7	36.3	36.0	40.6
2019	142111	8.8	1.6	39.5	53.4	38.2	38.7	40.8
平均	393724	6.5	1.4	37.0	50.2	36.0	35.9	38.5

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