主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 100-106.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.04.014

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2011—2019年中国长江三角洲区域闪电时空分布特征

王凯1,2(),周丽雅3,*(),鞠晓雨1,程向阳1   

  1. 1. 安徽省气象灾害防御技术中心, 安徽 合肥 230061
    2. 大气科学与卫星遥感安徽省重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031
    3. 蚌埠市气象局, 安徽 蚌埠 233000
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-05 出版日期:2021-08-30 发布日期:2021-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 周丽雅 E-mail:ahflzxwk@163.com;823827447@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王凯, 男, 1980年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事雷电防御研究, E-mail: ahflzxwk@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202004h07020001);安徽省气象局新技术集成项目(AHXJ202004)

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning in the Yangtze River Delta of China from 2011 to 2019

Kai WANG1,2(),Li-ya ZHOU3,*(),Xiao-yu JU1,Xiang-yang CHENG1   

  1. 1. Anhui Meteorological Disaster Prevention Center, Hefei 230061, China
    2. Anhui Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Science and Satellite Remote Sensing, Hefei 230031, China
    3. Bengbu Meteorological Service, Bengbu 233000, China
  • Received:2021-02-05 Online:2021-08-30 Published:2021-09-10
  • Contact: Li-ya ZHOU E-mail:ahflzxwk@163.com;823827447@qq.com

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摘要：

利用2011-2019年江苏、浙江和安徽27个探测站ADTD闪电监测定位系统获取的资料，对中国长江三角洲三省一市（上海、江苏、浙江、安徽）一体化协同发展区域云地闪的发生频次、强度进行统计，运用EOF方法分析闪电频次的空间分布特征。结果表明：中国长江三角洲区域负闪数均占总闪数的95%以上，正闪平均强度均大于负闪平均强度绝对值。正、负闪平均强度最大值均出现在江苏，正、负闪平均强度绝对值最小值均出现在浙江。总闪电频数、强度的日变化和月变化特征曲线均呈单峰单谷特征。日变化特征中，总闪强度日最小值在15时，而在随后的16-17时总闪频数出现峰值。全年中，8月的总闪频数最大，总闪强度最小。在每年4月、7月、11月中正闪表现更为活跃。总闪频次空间分布与地形分布相吻合，高海拔地区均出现了高频次闪电分布，总闪强度空间分布则与之相反。根据总闪频次主成分分析，前4个特征向量累计方差贡献达到51.07%，空间上表现出既有全区一致性，又存在明显的差异，空间分布型可划分为全区一致型、南北反相型、交错反相型和东西反相型。

关键词: 闪电频次, 闪电强度, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Based on the data observed by the ADTD lightning location system from the 27 stations in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui provices from 2011 to 2019, the lightning frequency and intensity in the Yangtze River Delta region of China i. e. the integrated and coordinated development area including three provinces and one city(Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces, Shanghai)were statistically analyzed, and the spatial distributions of lightning frequency were also investigated with the EOF method. The results showed that in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, the number of negative lightning accounts for more than 95% of the total number, and the average current intensity of positive lightning is greater than the absolute value of that of negative lightning. The maximum and absolute minimum values of the average current intensity of positive and negative lightning appear in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, respectively. The daily and monthly variation curves of total lightning frequency and intensity both feature single peak and single valley. For daily variation, the minimum value of total lightning intensity appears at 03:00 p. m. and the peak value appears during 04:00-05:00 p. m. For monthly variation, the total lightning frequency and intensity reach peak and minimum in August, respectively. The high-frequency period of positive lightning is in April, July, and November every year. The spatial distribution of total lightning frequency is entirely consistent with the terrain, that is, there is a high lightning frequency in high altitude areas, while the spatial distribution of total lightning intensity is opposite. According to the principal component analysis on the total lightning frequency, the cumulative variance contribution of the first 4 feature vectors reaches 51.07%, indicating both regional consistency and obvious difference. The spatial distribution pattern of lightning frequency can be divided into regional consistency, north-south division, stagger division, eastern-western division types.

Key words: Lightning frequency, Lightning current intensity, Principal component analysis

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