主办单位：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号：ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号：CN 21-1531/P
气象与环境学报

气象与环境学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 1-11.doi:

• 论文 •    下一篇

1951—2009年中国不同区域气温和降水量变化特征

虞海燕 1,2  刘树华1  赵娜1,2  李栋2  于永涛2   

  1. 1. 北京大学物理学院大气科学系，北京 100871;  2. 北京市气象局，北京 100089
  • 出版日期:2011-08-30 发布日期:2011-08-30

Characteristics of air temperature and precipitation in different regions of China from 1951 to 2009

YU Hai-yan1,2  LIU Shu-hua1  ZHAO Na1,2  LI Dong2  YU Yong-tao2   

  1. 1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 2. Beijing Meteorological Service, Beijing 100089, China
  • Online:2011-08-30 Published:2011-08-30

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摘要： 为了研究中国不同区域气候变化特征，将全国按照气候区域划分为11个气候区，并利用1951—2009年中国194个国家基本/基准站月、年气温和降水观测资料，对全国及每个气候区平均温度及降水量的年和季节变化特征进行分析。结果表明：中国及各地区增温趋势均为极显著增加，尤其近20 a增温速度更快；而2007年成为有记录以来最暖的一年；中国冬季平均温度上升趋势最明显，春季次之，夏季几乎没有变化。中国平均年总降水量20世纪50年代最多，2000年代最少；而华北地区的年降水量减少最快；在四季降水中，全国只有夏季降水量波动略有增加，且各区域降水分布具有明显的南北差异特征。

关键词: 气候区划, 平均温度, 降水量, 增温趋势, 南北地区差异, 中国不同区域

Abstract: The climatic regions in China were divided into 11 types for studying the characteristics of climatic change in the different regions of China. Based on the monthly and annual air temperature and precipitation data in 194 weather stations from 1951 to 2009 in China, the characteristics of mean annual and seasonal air temperature and precipitation in each climatic region and in the whole China were analyzed. The results indicate that the warming trend is significant in each climatic region and in the whole China, especially in the recent 20 years. The warmest year from the historical record is 2007. The ascending trend of temperature is more obvious in winter than in spring, while temperature in summer is almost unchanged. The maximum mean annual total precipitation in the whole China occurs in 1950s and the minimum happens in 2000s. Annual precipitation reduces significantly in the North China. Among the four seasons, precipitation in summer shows slightly increased fluctuation. The distributions of precipitation in different regions show clear difference between the north and south China.

Key words: Climatic division, Mean temperature, Precipitation, Warming trend, Difference between the north and the south China, Different regions of China