2010年7月31日吉林省东南部短时强降水过程分析

气象与环境学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 58-64.doi:

2010年7月31日吉林省东南部短时强降水过程分析

丑士连¹ 陈长胜^2,3 王奎云¹

1.白山市气象台，吉林白山 134300；2.吉林省气象科学研究所，吉林长春 130062；3.中高纬度环流系统与东亚季风研究开放实验室，吉林长春 130062

出版日期:2012-12-28 发布日期:2012-12-28

Analysis of a short-time heavy rainfall in southeast of Jilin province on July 31, 2010

CHOU Shi-lian¹ CHEN Chang-sheng^2,3 WANG Kui-yun¹

1. Baishan Meteorological Service, Baishan 134300, China; 2. Institute of Meteorological Science of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China; 3. Laboratory of Research for Middle-high Latitude Circulation and East Asian Monsoon, Changchun 130062, China

Online:2012-12-28 Published:2012-12-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用吉林省加密站实时观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料和吉林省白山观测站多普勒雷达等资料，对2010 年7月31日吉林省东南部的短时强降水天气过程进行初步分析。结果表明：500hPa平直锋区上短波扰动出现往往伴随强对流天气的发生；上冷下暖的热力垂直结构有利于低层辐合抬升；当风场引起的辐合抬升仅存在于底层时降水不会发生，故更需关注整层风场的结构变化；强降水水汽来自于暴雨区前期降水的积累，缺外来水汽的持续输送是此次强降水历时短的主要原因之一；小股冷空气入侵高温高湿气团是导致不稳定能量释放的主要原因，强降水落区对应于冷空气侵入高能区位置，强降水时段对应K指数由极大值减小的过程；多普勒雷达资料中雷达回波的强度和缺口、径向速度的强度和零线形状、以及逆风区对预报短时强降水具有很好的指示意义。

关键词: 短时强降水, 短波扰动, 强降水落区, 冷空气侵入, 短时强降水, 短波扰动, 强降水落区, 冷空气侵入

Abstract: Based on the real-time observational data from the dense weather stations, the NCEP reanalysis data with 1°× 1° resolution and Dopplor radar data in Baishan, a short-time heavy rainfall process on July 31, 2010 in the southeast of Jilin province was analyzed. The results show that a small short-wave disturbance appears in 500 hPa flat front area accompanied by severe connective weather. The thermal vertical structure which is cold in upper level and warm in low level is favorable to lifting of low level convergence. Precipitation does not occur when convergence lifting caused by wind field only exists in the bottom, so one must pay attention to the structure change of the whole field wind. Water vapor is from accumulation of prophase precipitation, and lacking water vapor transportation is one of the main reasons that this rainfall lasts in only short period. The invasion of small stock cold air in the high energy region is the trigger origin of heavy precipitation. The location of strong rainfall falling area corresponds to that of the high energy area invaded by cold air, and so is the period of the heavy rainfall and the process that the K index decreases from the maximum value, then unstable energy releases quickly. The intensity and gap of radar echo, the intensity of radical velocity, zero velocity line shape, and headwind area are indicative to the heavy rainfall.

Key words: Short-time Heavy Rainfall, Short-wave disturbance, Strong rainfall area, Cold air invasion, Short-time heavy rainfall, Short-wave disturbance, Falling area of strong rainfall, Cold air invasion

丑士连,陈长胜,王奎云. 2010年7月31日吉林省东南部短时强降水过程分析[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2012, 28(6): 58-64.

CHOU Shi-lian,CHEN Chang-sheng,WANG Kui-yun. Analysis of a short-time heavy rainfall in southeast of Jilin province on July 31, 2010[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2012, 28(6): 58-64.

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