主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 31-36.doi:

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

西安市霾天气与清洁天气变化特征及影响因素分析

张文静 胡琳 吴素良 王琦 田亮   

  1. 陕西省气候中心,陕西 西安 710014
  • 出版日期:2015-05-01 发布日期:2015-05-01

Characteristics of haze and clean weather and their influencing factors in Xi'an

 ZHANG Wen-jing  HU Lin WU Su-liang WANG Qi TIAN Liang   

  1. Climate Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi′an 710014, China
  • Online:2015-05-01 Published:2015-05-01

摘要:

利用2006—2012年西安市污染物质量浓度、气象站逐时地面风场、相对湿度和能见度等资料,依据霾天气的定义统计理论霾日数,对比人工观测霾日与判据统计理论霾日的合理性,通过对霾天气与清洁天气过程的气象条件分析,分析西安市霾天气与清洁天气过程的变化特征及影响因素。结果表明:2006—2012年西安市霾天气过程在干季发生频率较高,湿季发生较少。地面风场对霾天气过程影响较大,绝大部分霾天气过程的日平均风速<1.5 m·s-1;干季大部分霾天气过程日平均风速≤1.0 m·s-1,极端个例甚至在0.5 m·s-1以下。清洁天气过程在干季发生次数多于湿季,主要与干季风速较大和湿度较小相关。

关键词: 风场, 霾天气, 清洁天气, 干湿季

Abstract:

 Using pollution data, hourly surface wind, humidity and visibility in Xi′an from 2006 to 2012, the number of haze days calculated by theoretical prediction and observation were compared. Characteristics of haze days and clean days were analyzed, and corresponding meteorological elements were discussed. The results show that frequency of haze days is high in dry season and low in wet season. Effect of the surface wind on the haze weather is significant, and average daily surface wind is below 1.5 m·s-1 in most haze weather. It is equal or less than 1.0 m·s-1 in dry season, and even less than 0.5 m·s-1 in an extreme case. The number of clean days is higher in dry season than in wet season, which is due to the strong wind speed and low humidity in dry season.

Key words: Wind field, Haze weather, Clean weather, Dry or wet season