主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 71-76.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2016.03.010

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

1961-2010年塔里木灌区蒸发皿蒸发量变化特征及影响因素分析

牛建龙1,2, 葛广华3, 王家强1, 彭杰1, 王煜东2, 郝璐2   

  1. 1. 塔里木大学植物科学学院, 新疆 阿拉尔 843300;
    2. 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 江苏 南京 210044;
    3. 塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院, 新疆 阿拉尔 843300
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-15 修回日期:2015-08-11 出版日期:2016-06-30 发布日期:2016-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 郝璐,E-mail:hl_haolu@163.com E-mail:hl_haolu@163.com
  • 作者简介:牛建龙,男,1982年生,讲师,主要从事农业气象学与干旱区气候环境变化研究,E-mail:njlzky@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31260140、41061301、41361048、41261083)、兵团青年科技创新资金专项(2012CB020)、棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2016A12)、塔里木大学校长基金(TDZKQN201602)和塔里木大学大学生创新训练项目(2016005)共同资助。

Pan evaporation characteristics and its influencing factor over Tarim irrigation area from 1961 to 2010

NIU Jian-long1,2, GE Guang-hua3, WANG Jia-qiang1, PENG Jie1, WANG Yu-dong2, HAO Lu2   

  1. 1. College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
    2. School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    3. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
  • Received:2015-04-15 Revised:2015-08-11 Online:2016-06-30 Published:2016-06-30

摘要: 利用1961-2010年塔里木灌区-阿拉尔垦区逐日蒸发皿蒸发量、平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、平均相对湿度、日照时数和平均风速等气象要素,采用气候倾向率、距平和相关性方法分析了塔里木灌区-阿拉尔垦区蒸发皿蒸发量(Pan EvaporationE)的变化特征及影响因素。结果表明:1961-2010年塔里木灌区-阿拉尔垦区蒸发皿蒸发量的年际波动较大,呈“高-低-高-低”的年代际变化,E整体呈减少的趋势(P<0.01),减少幅度为62.4 mm/10 a,E累积减少了312.0 mm。近50 a塔里木灌区-阿拉尔垦区四季蒸发皿蒸发量呈“夏季 > 春季 > 秋季 > 冬季”的时间分布,冬季和夏季E的减少幅度较大(P<0.01),春季E的减少幅度较小(P<0.05),秋季E的减少幅度不明显(P>0.05),春季、夏季、秋季、冬季E累积减少了81.5 mm、182.5 mm、28.5 mm和198.0 mm。塔里木灌区-阿拉尔垦区年蒸发皿蒸发量减少与平均风速减小和平均相对湿度增大有关,与气温、降水量和日照时数无关;四季蒸发皿蒸发量减少是由气温升高(降低)、日照时数减少、降水量增加(减少)、平均风速减小和平均相对湿度增大共同造成的,春季、秋季E受气温和日照时数影响较小。

关键词: 塔里木灌区-阿拉尔垦区, 蒸发皿蒸发量, 气象要素, 相关分析

Abstract: Using the meteorological data including daily pan evaporation,mean air temperature,minimum and maximum air temperature,relative humidity,sunshine duration and mean wind speed from 1961 to 2010,the characteristics and impact factors of pan evaporation were analyzed based on the methods of a climate inclination rate,an anomalies and correlation in Alar of Tarim irrigation area.The results show that annual fluctuation of pan evaporation is very obvious,with a "high-low-high-low" inter-decadal variability feature.The amplitude of pan evaporation decreases by 62.4 mm per decade (P<0.01),and has totally reduced about 312.0 mm in Alar of Tarim irrigation area in the past 50 years.The pan evaporation is the largest in summer,and then in spring,autumn,and winter in order from 1961 to 2010 in Alar of Tarim irrigation area.The decrease in pan evaporation is relatively larger in winter and summer (P<0.01),relatively smaller in spring (P<0.05),and very little in autumn (P>0.05).The cumulative decrease amplitudes are 81.5 mm,182.5 mm,28.5 mm,and 198.0 mm in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively.The decrease in the annual cumulative pan evaporation depends strongly on the decreasing mean wind speed and increasing mean relative humidity,but less so on air temperature,precipitation,and sunshine duration.However,the decrease trend of seasonal cumulative pan evaporation is determined by the increasing (decreasing) air temperature,declining sunshine duration,increasing (decreasing) precipitation,decreasing mean wind speed,and increasing mean relative humidity together,although in spring and autumn it is little influenced by air temperature and sunshine duration.

Key words: Alar of Tarim irrigation area, Pan evaporation, Meteorological parameters, Correlation analysis

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