西安南郊地区夏季降雨和风对可吸入颗粒物数浓度粒径分布的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2016.05.015

气象与环境学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 107-113.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2016.05.015

西安南郊地区夏季降雨和风对可吸入颗粒物数浓度粒径分布的影响

马启翔¹, 刘赵梅¹, 杜利劳²

1. 陕西省污染减排工程技术研究中心, 陕西西安 710061;
2. 陕西省环境科学研究院, 陕西西安 710061

收稿日期:2015-09-22 修回日期:2015-11-16 出版日期:2016-10-31 发布日期:2016-10-31
作者简介:马启翔,男,1984年生,工程师,主要从事大气细颗粒污染控制研究,E-mail:fxtxf@126.com。
基金资助:
陕西省科技统筹创新工程项目（2012KTZB03-01-02）资助。

Effect of summer rainfall and wind on size distribution of number concentration of inhalable particle matter in southern suburban area of Xi'an

MA Qi-xiang¹, LIU Zhao-mei¹, DU Li-lao²

1. Shaanxi Provincial Research Center of Pollution Reduction Engineering Technology, Xi'an 710061, China;
2. Shaanxi Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Xi'an 710061, China

Received:2015-09-22 Revised:2015-11-16 Online:2016-10-31 Published:2016-10-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2014年5-7月西安南郊地区电称低压冲击器（ELPI）30 s分辨率的连续在线大气可吸入颗粒物数浓度的观测资料，并结合同期移动式自动气象站的降雨量、风向和风速等气象观测数据，研究西安南郊地区夏季降雨和风对可吸入颗粒物的去除作用。结果表明：2014年5-7月西安南郊地区持续性中雨对各粒径段可吸入颗粒物的去除效果均较好，短时持续性中雨可造成粗粒子模态颗粒物数浓度增加，持续性小雨对核模态和爱根核模态中粒径较小的组分去除效果不明显，间断性小雨对可吸入颗粒物无去除效果。西安南郊地区夏季主导风向为偏东风，但可吸入颗粒物主要来源于偏西方向，2014年5-7月西安南郊地区风速小于3.0 m·s^-1以下的低风速出现频率较高，不利于污染物扩散；风速小于5.4 m·s^-1时，核膜态颗粒物数浓度随风速增加而增大，其他模态颗粒物数浓度随风速增加而减小；5.5-7.9 m·s^-1风速对各模态颗粒物均具有较好的去除效果.

关键词: 电称低压冲击器, 可吸入颗粒物, 数浓度, 粒径分布, 风, 降雨, 去除率

Abstract: The removing effect of summer rainfall and wind on inhalable particle matters was investigated in this study.The number concentration of inhalable particle matter were measured continuously by an electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI) with a temporal resolution of 30 s in the southern suburban area of Xi'an from May to July of 2014.The simultaneous meteorological observations of precipitation,wind direction,and wind speed from a mobile automatic meteorological station were collected.These data were used to conduct this investigation.The results show that persistent moderate rainfall can remove all inhalable particle matters.The short-time persistent moderate rainfall causes an increasing number concentration of coarse particles.Persistent light rainfall has limited effects on the removing of particles in the nucleation mode and those of smaller sizes in the Aitken mode.The discontinuous light rainfall does not remove inhalable particle matters.The easterly winds prevail in summer over the southern suburban area of Xi'an.However,inhalation particle matters are mainly transported by the westerly flows.The occurrence frequency of wind speed smaller than 3.0 m·s^-1 is relatively high,which isn't favorable for the pollutant diffusion.When wind speed is smaller than 5.4 m·s^-1,the number concentration of particles in the nucleation mode increases with the increasing wind speed.However,that of particles in other modes decreases with the increasing wind speed.It has better removal effect on particle matters in different modes when wind speed is between 5.5 m·s^-1and 7.9 m·s^-1.

Key words: Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI), Inhalation particle matter, Number concentration, Size distribution, Wind, Rainfall, Removal rate

中图分类号:

X513

马启翔, 刘赵梅, 杜利劳. 西安南郊地区夏季降雨和风对可吸入颗粒物数浓度粒径分布的影响[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2016, 32(5): 107-113.

MA Qi-xiang, LIU Zhao-mei, DU Li-lao. Effect of summer rainfall and wind on size distribution of number concentration of inhalable particle matter in southern suburban area of Xi'an[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2016, 32(5): 107-113.

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西安南郊地区夏季降雨和风对可吸入颗粒物数浓度粒径分布的影响

Effect of summer rainfall and wind on size distribution of number concentration of inhalable particle matter in southern suburban area of Xi'an

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