主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 85-92.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2022.04.010

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

寡照胁迫对温室番茄开花坐果特性的影响

张继波1,2(),李楠1,2,邱粲2,3,薛晓萍1,2,*()   

  1. 1. 山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 山东 济南 250031
    2. 山东省气候中心, 山东 济南 250031
    3. 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院, 上海 200234
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-16 出版日期:2022-08-28 发布日期:2022-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 薛晓萍 E-mail:zhangjb.196267@163.com;xxpdhy@163.com
  • 作者简介:张继波, 男, 1987年生, 高级工程师, E-mail: zhangjb.196267@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省气象局气象科学技术研究项目(2017sdqxm02);山东省气象局气象科学技术研究项目(2020sdqxz04);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1507802);“十三五”山东重大气象工程项目(鲁发改农经〔2017〕97号)

Effects of less irradiation stress on the characteristics of flowering and fruit-setting of tomato in solar greenhouse

Ji-bo ZHANG1,2(),Nan LI1,2,Can QIU2,3,Xiao-ping XUE1,2,*()   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong, Ji'nan 250031, China
    2. Shandong Climate Center, Ji'nan 250031, China
    3. School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Received:2021-11-16 Online:2022-08-28 Published:2022-09-22
  • Contact: Xiao-ping XUE E-mail:zhangjb.196267@163.com;xxpdhy@163.com

摘要:

以番茄品种“金冠5号”为试验材料, 利用2015—2019年山东省农科院日光温室中不同层数的遮阳网模拟不同寡照(PAR≤200 μmol·m-2·s-1)持续日数(0 d、1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d、9 d), 观测番茄开花后各穗花开花期(Blooming Date, BD)、开花数(Number of Flowers, NoF)、开花率(Flower Rate, FR)、坐果率(Fruit Setting Rate, FSR), 分析寡照胁迫对番茄开花坐果特性的影响, 并基于温光效应(Accumulated Photo-thermal effectiveness, APTE)建立寡照胁迫对番茄开花坐果特性影响的模拟模型, 对其进行验证, 并与PAR日积分法(PAR)构建的模型进行对比。结果表明: 寡照胁迫下, 番茄六穗花开花期不同程度推迟, 尤其是遭受寡照胁迫直接影响的第二、第三穗花开花期推迟最明显, 幅度最大, 持续寡照7—9 d, 番茄第二穗花开花期较对照推迟一周左右; 番茄单穗果实数、坐果率均随寡照持续天数的增加呈降低趋势, 寡照持续时间越长、降幅越大; 基于APTE构建的模型明显提高了寡照胁迫下番茄开花坐果特性的预测精度, 与PAR法相比, 番茄第二、第三穗花BDC、NoFC、FRC和FSRC回归估计标准误差(RMSE)分别降低了25.5%、16.7%、21.2%、23.8%和31.4%、22.4%、25.2%、26.6%。

关键词: 日光温室, 寡照胁迫, 温光效应

Abstract:

In this study, the tomato variety "Golden Crown No.5" was used as the test material. From 2015 to 2019, the sun-shading net was used in the solar greenhouse to design different duration days (0 d, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, and 9 d) of less irradiation (PAR≤200 μmol·m-2 s-1). Blooming Date (BD), Number of Flowers (NoF), Flower Rate (FR), and Fruit Setting Rate (FSR) of each ear of tomato were measured after flowering. Also, the influence of less irradiation stress on the characteristics of flowering and fruit setting in tomatoes was analyzed, and the simulated model of the influence of less irradiation stress on the characteristics of flowering and fruit setting in tomatoes was established based on the accumulated photo-thermal effectiveness (APTE), which was verified using independent data, and compared with the simulation model constructed by PAR daily integral method (PAR). The results show that the flowering time of six panicles of tomato is delayed to different degrees under less irradiation stress, especially for the second and third panicles directly affected by less irradiation stress. The flowering time of the second panicles of tomato is delayed by about one week compared with CK for 7-9 days. The number of fruit per panicle and fruit setting rate of tomato decreases with the increase of the duration of less irradiation, and the longer the duration of less irradiation, the greater the decrease. The model based on APTE significantly improves the prediction accuracy of tomato flowering and fruit setting characteristics under less irradiation stress. Compared with PAR method, The standard errors (RMSE) of BDC, NoFC, FRC and FSRC regression estimation of the second and third panicles of tomato are reduced by 25.5%, 16.7%, 21.2%, 23.8% and 31.4%, 22.4%, 25.2%, 26.6%, respectively.

Key words: Solar greenhouse, Less irradiation tress, Accumulated photo-thermal effectiveness

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