主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 85-92.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.04.012

• 论文 • 上一篇    

日光温室黄瓜生长积温研究

马凤莲1,2, 魏瑞江1,3, 王鑫3, 吴显春2, 孙庆川2   

  1. 1. 河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室, 河北 石家庄 050021;
    2. 承德市气象局, 河北 承德 067000;
    3. 河北省气象科学研究所, 河北 石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-29 修回日期:2018-12-21 发布日期:2019-09-03
  • 通讯作者: 魏瑞江,女,正研级高级工程师,E-mail:weirj6611@sina.com。 E-mail:weirj6611@sina.com
  • 作者简介:马凤莲,女,1971年生,高级工程师,主要从事农业气象业务服务工作,E-mail:mflian@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306039)资助。

Study on the accumulated temperature of cucumber growth in greenhouse

MA Feng-lian1,2, WEI Rui-jiang1,3, WANG Xin3, WU Xian-chun2, SUN Qing-chuan2   

  1. 1. Hebei Provincial Meteorological and Eco-environmental Key Laboratory, Shijiazhuang 050021, China;
    2. Chengde Meteorological Service, Chengde 067000, China;
    3. Hebei Provincial Institute of Meteorological Science, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
  • Received:2018-10-29 Revised:2018-12-21 Published:2019-09-03
  • Supported by:
    This work is supported by the Science and Technology Project of SGCC (No.5229CG15004T).

摘要: 为定量研究黄瓜生长发育对积温的需求,提高日光温室黄瓜生长的预测能力和种植效益,本文利用多年日常管理下日光温室内小气候和黄瓜生长的观测数据,采用数理统计方法,分析不同年度不同茬口下日光温室黄瓜叶片和果实的生长规律,以及黄瓜叶片和果实生长与所需有效积温的关系,并确定黄瓜植株致死的积温指标。结果表明:整个生育期内,黄瓜叶片数随生育进程呈S型变化,一根黄瓜生长遵循先慢后快的规律;不同茬口的黄瓜叶片每增加一叶所需有效积温均呈不对称"U"型,即叶片生长初期和生长中后期,每增加一叶所需的有效积温多于叶片生长中期所需的有效积温,整个生育期内平均每增加一叶所需8-40℃有效积温为33-37℃·d;一根黄瓜从坐果到采收需要15-35℃的有效积温为110-130℃·d;若温室内反复出现10℃以下、5℃以上的温度条件时,且反复过程所累积的10-5℃有效积温达8℃·d左右时,黄瓜植株即会死亡。上述积温指标在日光温室黄瓜生产中具有现实的指导意义。

关键词: 日光温室, 黄瓜叶片, 果实, 植株, 有效积温

Abstract: In order to study the demand of accumulated temperature for cucumber growth to improve the prediction ability and planting efficiency in greenhouse,this paper analyzed the growth regulation of leaves and fruits of cucumber and their relationships with the effective accumulated temperature in different years and stubbles and determined the dead accumulated temperature of plant,using the long-term observation data in greenhouse and the mathematical statistics method.The results show that the leaf number of cucumbers develops in an S-shaped curve during the whole growth period,following the regulation of growing slow first and then fast.The effective accumulated temperature required to grow an additional leaf during different periods presents an asymmetric "U" shape,that is,the effective accumulated temperature required to grow an additional leaf in the early and middle-late stages of leaf growth is greater than that in the middle stage.The average effective accumulated temperature of 8-40℃ required to grow an additional leaf during the whole growth period is 33-37℃·d,and that of 15-35℃ needed from fruit set to harvest is 110-130℃·d.If the temperature conditions below 10℃ and above 5℃ occur repeatedly in the greenhouse,and the accumulated effective accumulated temperature of 5-10℃ reaches about 8℃·d during the repeated process,the cucumber plants will die.The above accumulated temperature index has a practical guiding significance in the production of cucumber in the greenhouse.

Key words: Greenhouse, Cucumber leaf, Fruit, Plants, Effective accumulated temperature

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