2017年漳州海陆风特征与冬春季污染物浓度关系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2020.03.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on meteorological observational data in Zhangzhou, Fujian province and the south island in 2017, sea-land breeze days were distinguished using statistical analysis and manual correction methods.In combination of synoptic situation and observed pollutant concentrations, the characteristics of sea-land breeze days and its relationship with pollutant concentrations were analyzed.The results show that the number of days with sea-land breeze in Zhangzhou is 2.2 times as large as that observed at an island station.Sea-land breeze occurs more frequently in spring and summer and less in autumn and winter.In winter, synoptic situations on the sea-land breeze days are dominated by transformed surface cold high, high-pressure rear, and warm sector ahead of front, and are accompanied by small pressure gradient, high air temperature, small wind speed, long sunshine duration, low humidity, and small cloud cover, which is unfavorable for the dilution and diffusion of pollutants.During sea-land breeze days, concentrations of all pollutants (except for O₃) are 2-3 times as large as that on the systematic wind days, and particulate matter concentrations are especially high.Unlike in winter, sea-land breeze in spring contributes to high particulate matter and even higher O₃, although the dominated synoptic situation and meteorological conditions in both seasons are similar to each other.All pollutant concentrations on sea-land breeze days are 1-2 times higher than that on systematic wind days, and O₃ concentration is easy to exceed the standard level on sea-land breeze days.Although the annual occurrence frequency of land-sea breeze is less than 30% in Zhangzhou, its unique diurnal variation and local circulation structure have an important impact on pollutant accumulation and transport.

Key words: Sea-land breeze, Dominated synoptic situation, Meteorological elements

CLC Number:

Hong WANG,Qiu-ping ZHENG,You-wei HONG,Jian-cheng WU. Characteristics of sea-land breeze and its relationship with pollutant concentrations during winter and spring in 2017 in Zhangzhou[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2020, 36(3): 33-40.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 33

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海陆风日	1月	2月	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月	合计
漳州气象站/d	7	6	8	9	9	5	13	10	6	6	8	8	95
出现频率/(%)	22.6	21.4	25.8	30.0	29.0	16.7	41.9	32.3	20.0	19.4	26.7	25.8	26.0
镇海角灯塔/d	3	3	5	3	6	3	4	2	9	3	3	0	44
出现频率/(%)	9.7	10.7	16.1	10.0	19.4	10.0	12.9	6.5	30.0	9.7	10.0	0.0	12.1

要素	海陆风日	系统风日
天气形势	变性冷高压、高压后部、锋前暖区、地面倒槽	冷高压脊、高压底部	低涡切变、高空槽
大气层结稳定度	稳定,特别是夜晨静稳	不稳定	不稳定
天气状况	白天天气晴好、夜晨有雾、霾等低能见度天气	多云、多云-阴	阴,有降水
气温/℃	20±3	10±5	< 10
气压/hPa	1025±20	1030±10	< 1008
气压梯度	小	大	大
风速/(m·s^-1)	0—3	4±3	0—2
日照/h	8±3	< 5	0
相对湿度/(%)	85±15	< 70	接近100
云量/成	0—5	8—10	10
能见度/km	< 10	>10	0—5
大气扩散条件	不利于污染物的稀释、扩散	有利于污染物的稀释、扩散

天气形势	发生时间	气温/℃	气压/hPa	风速/(m·s^-1)	日照/h	相对湿度/(%)	云量/成	能见度/km
海陆风日变性冷高压	2017.1.3	19.5	1017.4	1.4	6.2	75.1	4—5	5.2
系统风日冷高压控制	2017.1.31	14.6	1019.2	1.7	0.5	68.8	9—10	17.8

要素	海陆风日		系统风日
天气形势	变性冷高压、高压后部、锋前暖区、地面倒槽	高压后部、低涡切变、高空槽等,在暖湿气流控制下	冷高压脊、高压底部,在干冷气流控制下
大气层结稳定度	稳定,特别是夜晨静稳	稳定	不稳定
天气状况	白天天气晴好、夜晨有雾、霾等低能见度天气	阴天或多云,夜晨有雾、霾等低能见度天气	多云、多云-阴
气温/℃	25±5	25±6	18±5
气压/hPa	1010±10	1010±15	1020±15
气压梯度	小	小	大
风速/(m·s^-1)	3±1	0—2	2—4
日照/h	11±3	0—5	0—5
相对湿度/(%)	75±5	>70	< 70(排除降水)
云量/成	0—5	>5	>5
能见度/km	< 7	< 7	>10(排除降水)
大气扩散条件	不利于污染物的稀释、扩散	不利于污染物的稀释、扩散	有利于污染物的稀释、扩散

天气形势	发生时间	气温/℃	气压/hPa	风速/(m·s^-1)	日照/h	相对湿度/(%)	云量/成	能见度/km
海陆风日锋前暖区	2017.4.15	22.4	1010.8	1.02	0.6	73.8	5—8	4.9
系统风日冷空气、降水	2017.4.22	19.1	1010.6	2.03	0	76.3	10	19.0

Characteristics of sea-land breeze and its relationship with pollutant concentrations during winter and spring in 2017 in Zhangzhou

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发生时间	SO₂	NO₂	PM₁₀	PM_2.5	O₃(8 h滑动平均最大值)	CO	天气形势
海陆风日(1月3—8日)	24	64	108	67	98	1290	变性冷高压
系统风日(1月21—26日)	9	26	53	4	101	650	强冷空影响

污染物	SO₂	NO₂	PM₁₀	PM_2.5	O₃(8 h滑动平均最大值)	CO	天气形势
海陆风日(4月2—5日)	14	38	75	51	173	760	高压后部
系统风日(4月10—13日)	8	34	48	28	89	880	冷空气影响

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