1961—2018年陕西极端气温时空变化特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.03.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the daily temperature data of 94 meteorological stations in Shaanxi province from 1961 to 2018, ten types of extreme temperature indices proposed by WMO were employed to analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of extreme temperature events in three climate regions of Shaanxi province i.e.Shanbei, Guanzhong, and Shannan using linear trend rate, Mann-Kendall and wavelet methods.The results show that the extreme temperature indices significantly change in the past 60 years in Shaanxi province.The increasing trend of the thermal index is more obvious than the decreasing trend of the cold index with a large inter-annual variation.The change of the night index is more prominent than that of the corresponding day index.Among them, the warm night days increase with a rate of 7.4 d per decade.Except for the extreme minimum temperature, the other cold indices change abruptly around 1995, while the abrupt changes for the numbers of warm night and warm day both occur after 2005.The change trends of ice days, cold days, and hot night days all indicate the most obvious zonal characteristics.The change trends of extreme minimum temperature, cold night days, warm night days, frost days, and summer days in Guanzhong are more significant than in the other two regions.The cyclical changes of the extreme index are mainly concentrated between 2 years and 8 years.Compared with the extreme index, the changes of the relative index and the absolute index are capable to better reflect the change trends in the annual average maximum and minimum temperatures in Shaanxi province.

Key words: Extreme temperature, Index, Climate change

CLC Number:

P423.3⁺2

Xiao-hua ZHENG, Pan-xing LOU, Yong-yong MA. Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of extreme temperature in Shaanxi province from 1961 to 2018[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2021, 37(3): 81-87.

Figures/Tables 6

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Table 1

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References 27

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指数名称	定义	单位
极端最高气温^a	每年最大的日最高气温	℃
极端最低气温^a	每年最小的日最低气温	℃
夏日天数^b	每年日最高气温≥25 ℃的天数	d
冰日天数^b	每年日最高气温研究≤0 ℃的天数	d
热夜天数^b	每年日最低气温≥10 ℃的天数	d
霜日天数^b	每年日最低气温≤0 ℃的天数	d
冷夜天数^c	日最低气温小于基期阈值(10%)的天数	d
暖夜天数^c	日最低气温大于基期阈值(90%)的天数	d
冷昼天数^c	日最高气温小于基期阈值(10%)的天数	d
暖昼天数^c	日最高气温大于基期阈值(90%)的天数	d

气候区	指数	线性趋势变率	突变点
	极端最高气温	0.352 ℃/10 a	1990
	极端最低气温	0.102 ℃/10 a	1975
	夏日天数	3.47 d/10 a	1991
	冰日天数	-1.52 d/10 a	1993
陕北	热夜天数	4.11 d/10 a	1985
	霜日天数	-2.500 d/10 a	2004
	冷夜天数	-5.505 d/10 a	1980
	暖夜天数	6.684 d/10 a	2008
	冷昼天数	-4.978 d/10 a	1981
	暖昼天数	6.679 d/10 a	2000
	极端最高气温	0.152 ℃/10 a	1996
	极端最低气温	0.234 ℃/10 a	1975
	夏日天数	3.65 d/10 a	1996
	冰日天数	-1.34 d/10 a	1993
关中	热夜天数	3.23 d/10 a	2002
	霜日天数	-3.673 d/10 a	2000
	暖夜天数	8.461 d/10 a	2008
	冷夜天数	-6.836 d/10 a	1980
	冷昼天数	-4.636 d/10 a	1985
	暖昼天数	5.588 d/10 a	2005
	极端最高气温	0.220 ℃/10 a	2008
	极端最低气温	0.081 ℃/10 a	1976
	夏日天数	3.46 d/10 a	1995
	冰日天数	-0.39 d/10 a	2000
陕南	热夜天数	2.78 d/10 a	2004
	霜日天数	-3.014 d/10 a	1990
	冷夜天数	-4.850 d/10 a	1980
	暖夜天数	6.795 d/10 a	2010
	冷昼天数	-4.215 d/10 a	1986
	暖昼天数	6.657 d/10 a	2009

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Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of extreme temperature in Shaanxi province from 1961 to 2018

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