主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 1-9.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2019.05.001

• 论文 •    下一篇

2017年5月14日合肥地区雷暴大风过程机理分析

单乃超1, 周后福2,3,4,5, 褚保亮1, 赵倩2,3   

  1. 1. 民航安徽空管分局气象台, 安徽 合肥 230051;
    2. 安徽省气象科学研究所, 安徽 合肥 230031;
    3. 安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031;
    4. 中国气象局淮河流域典型农田生态气象野外科学试验基地, 安徽 寿县 232200;
    5. 寿县国家气候观象台, 安徽 寿县 232200
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-09 修回日期:2018-11-13 出版日期:2019-10-30 发布日期:2019-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 周后福,男,正研级高级工程师,E-mail:zhf_ahqx@sohu.com。 E-mail:zhf_ahqx@sohu.com
  • 作者简介:周后福,男,正研级高级工程师,E-mail:zhf_ahqx@sohu.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学民航联合基金(U1533131)资助。

Mechanism analysis of thunderstorm gale in Hefei area on May 14,2017

SHAN Nai-chao1, ZHOU Hou-fu2,3,4,5, CHU Bao-liang1, ZHAO Qian2,3   

  1. 1. Anhui Sub-bureau of East China Regional Traffic Management Observatory, CAAC, Hefei 230051, China;
    2. Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;
    3. Anhui Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Science and Satellite Remote Sensing, Hefei 230031, China;
    4. Huaihe River Basin Typical Agro-Ecosystems Meteorology Field Experiment Station of CMA, Shouxian 232200, China;
    5. Shouxian National Climatology Observatory, Shouxian 232200, China
  • Received:2018-07-09 Revised:2018-11-13 Online:2019-10-30 Published:2019-10-08

摘要: 利用地面、探空、机场自动观测、多普勒雷达等资料,以多普勒雷达数据产品为重点,对合肥机场及周边地区一次雷暴大风的成因进行了分析。结果表明:机场西北部两个对流风暴在3—6 km高度层合并,5 km高度处形成强反射率因子核,强反射率因子核高度10 min内迅速下降4 km,风暴内下沉气流在地面形成强冷池,强冷池的快速移动导致机场大风形成。下沉气流产生的初始原因是降水粒子的下降拖曳作用;吸入作用、水成物与环境间的负浮力增大、动量下传、补偿性气流的作用是下沉气流产生的重要原因。机场西南部的大风带由雷暴出流边界过境造成,出流边界破坏了边界层结构导致超折射现象的消失。风暴后部持续的冷空气补充和风暴前部源源不断的上升气流维持稳定的垂直环流,持续的下沉补偿气流导致机场东部大风的长时间维持。

关键词: 出流边界, 冷池, 超折射回波, 下沉气流

Abstract: Using the data from conventional meteorological observations,intensive automatic weather stations,radiosonde,airport automated weather observing system,Doppler radar and so on,the environmental conditions and influencing systems for a thunderstorm gale in Hefei airport and its surrounding areas on May 14,2017,were analyzed.Focused on Doppler radar data,the causes for the formation of the thunderstorm process were discussed.Results can be described as followings.Two convective storms in the northwestern part of the airport were merged at the levels of 3-6 km.A factor nucleus with strong reflectivity was formed at the level of 5 km.It quickly dropped to 4 km within 10 minutes.A strong cold pool was formed on the ground when the downdraft within the storm sinks.Its rapid movement led to the formation of strong winds at the airport.The initial cause of the downdraft formation is due to the drop and drag effects of the precipitation particles.The effect of inhalation,increasing of negative buoyancy between hydrate and the environment,downward momentum transmission,and the compensatory airflow are the important reasons for the downdraft formation.The gale belt in the southwestern part of the airport was resulted by the transiting of a thunderstorm outflow boundary.The extinction of super-refraction is a sign of cold air intrusion in the boundary layer.The continued cold air replenishment at the back of the storm and the continuous updraft in front of the storm maintains a steady vertical circulation.The continuous redeeming downdraft causes the gale in the eastern part of the airport to last for a long time.

Key words: Outflow boundary, Cold pool, Super refraction, Downdraft

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