主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 91-99.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.01.012

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变化对中国东北地区典型城市办公建筑能耗的影响

崔妍1(),敖雪1,曹经福2,周晓宇1,李明财2,赵春雨1,*(),刘鸣彦1,林蓉1   

  1. 1. 沈阳区域气候中心, 辽宁 沈阳 110166
    2. 天津市气象科学研究所, 天津 300074
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-01 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2021-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 赵春雨 E-mail:cuiyan.mail@foxmail.com;springrainscan@163.com
  • 作者简介:崔妍, 女, 1984年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事气候变化研究, E-mail: cuiyan.mail@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省自然科学基金指导计划(2019-ZD-0859);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201910);辽宁省科学技术计划项目农业攻关及产业化指导计划(2019JH8/10200023);辽宁省气象局科研课题(201810);辽宁省气象局科研课题(BA201803)

Effect of climate change on energy consumption in office building in Northeast China

Yan CUI1(),Xue AO1,Jing-fu CAO2,Xiao-yu ZHOU1,Ming-cai LI2,Chun-yu ZHAO1,*(),Ming-yan LIU1,Rong LIN1   

  1. 1. Shenyang Regional Climate Center, Shenyang 110166, China
    2. Tianjin Climate Center, Tianjin 300074, China
  • Received:2020-03-01 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2021-01-21
  • Contact: Chun-yu ZHAO E-mail:cuiyan.mail@foxmail.com;springrainscan@163.com

摘要:

利用中国东北地区三个典型城市(哈尔滨、长春和沈阳)1961—2019年的气温、相对湿度等气象资料和TRNSYS软件模拟的能耗资料,分析了气候变化对东北地区办公建筑设计气象参数的影响,研究了气候变化对办公建筑能耗的影响及其影响因子。结果表明:与1961—1990年相比,近30 a(1991—2019年)东北地区三个城市的办公建筑室外设计计算参数,即供暖室外计算温度、冬季空调室外计算温度和夏季空调室外计算温度均有所升高,且夏季空调室外计算温度升幅低于其他两个设计参数,三个城市供暖室外计算温度分别升高了2.1℃、1.7℃和0.2℃;1961—2017年三个城市办公建筑冬季供暖能耗均呈减少趋势,夏季制冷能耗均呈增加趋势,年总能耗呈减少趋势;哈尔滨和长春的变化速率大于沈阳,三个城市的办公建筑年总能耗减少速率分别为5.02 MJ·m-2/10 a、6.15 MJ·m-2/10 a和1.99 MJ·m-2/10 a。气温是影响东北地区城市办公建筑能耗的主要气象因子,分别可以解释三个城市冬季供暖能耗95%、96%和93%的变化和夏季制冷能耗72%、71%和72%的变化;气温每升高1℃,三个城市的冬季采暖能耗将分别减少20.6 MJ·m-2、21 MJ·m-2和18.9 MJ·m-2,夏季制冷能耗将分别增加15.1 MJ·m-2、16.1 MJ·m-2和18.8 MJ·m-2,年总能耗将分别减少5.5 MJ·m-2、4.9 MJ·m-2和0.1 MJ·m-2

关键词: 气候变化, 办公建筑, 建筑能耗, 东北地区

Abstract:

Based on the meteorological data including air temperature, relative humidity, etc, and energy consumption data simulated with Transient System (TRNSYS) from 1961 to 2019 in three typical cities (Harbin, Changchun, and Shenyang) in Northeast China, we analyzed the impact of climate change on design meteorological parameters and energy consumption in office buildings.The results showed that the values of three office-building outdoor design parameters (i.e., outdoor design temperature for heating, and outdoor design temperature for winter air-conditioning, and outdoor design temperature for summer air-conditioning) increase in Northeast China during the past 30 years (1991-2019) in comparison with years of 1961-1990.The outdoor design temperature for summer air-conditioning has a lower increase than the rest two parameters.The outdoor design temperature for heating in the three typical cities increases by 2.1 ℃, 1.7 ℃, and 0.2 ℃, respectively.During 1961-2017, the heating energy consumption of office buildings in the three cities shows a decreasing trend in winter and an increasing trend in summer, and the annual cumulative energy consumption exhibits a declining trend.The decreasing rate of annual total energy consumption in Harbin and Changchun is higher than in Shenyang, at a rate of 5.02 MJ·m-2/10 a, 6.15 MJ·m-2/10 a, and 1.99 MJ·m-2/10 a, respectively.Air temperature is a major meteorological factor that affects the energy consumption in an office building in Northeast China, accounting for 95%, 96%, and 93% of the variation in winter heating energy consumption and 72%, 71%, and 72% of the variation in summer cooling energy consumption at three cities, respectively.With a 1 ℃ increase in temperature in the three cities, winter heating energy consumption will decrease 20.6 MJ·m-2, 21 MJ·m-2, and 18.9 MJ·m-2, summer cooling energy consumption will increase 15.1 MJ·m-2, 16.1 MJ·m-2, and 18.8 MJ·m-2, and the annual cumulative energy consumption will decrease 5.5 MJ·m-2, 4.9 MJ·m-2, and 0.1 MJ·m-2, respectively.

Key words: Climate change, Office building, Building energy consumption, Northeast China

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