主办单位:中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所
国际刊号:ISSN 1673-503X
国内刊号:CN 21-1531/P

气象与环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 78-85.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2021.05.012

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

雄安新区长历时暴雨强度公式及其设计雨型推求

于长文(),许启慧,杨宜昌,马贵东,高旭旭   

  1. 河北省气候中心, 河北 石家庄 050021
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-18 出版日期:2021-10-30 发布日期:2021-11-01
  • 作者简介:于长文, 男, 1979年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事气候变化与气候应用研究, E-mail: ycw127@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    雄安新区气候安全和通风廊道构建气象专题研究项目(201810979);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201506014)

Intensity formula and design hyetograph for long-duration storm in Xiong'an New District

Chang-wen YU(),Qi-hui XU,Yi-chang YANG,Gui-dong MA,Xu-xu GAO   

  1. Hebei Climate Centre, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
  • Received:2021-06-18 Online:2021-10-30 Published:2021-11-01

摘要:

设计暴雨研究是城市排水防涝工程建设的重要基础。基于1981—2020年雄安新区3个地面气象观测站的降雨资料,对其降雨量和暴雨日数的时间变化特征进行了分析;采用雄县分钟级降雨数据,通过年最大值法选样,为兼顾长、短历时降雨样本的拟合优度,选用P-III型曲线对降雨数据进行理论频率分析,通过MATLAB的高斯—牛顿法求解暴雨强度公式中的参数,最终得到长历时综合暴雨强度公式,根据同频率分析法对雄县1440 min的设计暴雨雨型进行推求。结果表明:雄安新区多年平均降雨量为490.4 mm,暴雨日数为4.4 d;2000—2020年暴雨日数呈增多趋势,尤以大暴雨增多明显,近10 a大暴雨发生日数占暴雨日数的比率最大,为20.8%,较21世纪初10 a大将近7倍。编制的长历时综合暴雨强度公式,可计算5—1440 min任意历时、2—100 a任意重现期的设计暴雨。雄县以5 min为步长的1440 min设计暴雨雨型为单峰型,雨峰系数为0.806,结合所编制的长历时综合暴雨强度公式,可推求任意指定重现期下1440 min的设计雨型。

关键词: 长历时暴雨强度公式, 设计暴雨雨型, P-III型分布, 同频率分析法, 雄安新区

Abstract:

Design rainstorm research is an important foundation for urban drainage and waterlogging prevention engineering construction. The temporal variation characteristics of the number of precipitation and rainstorm days were analyzed based on the precipitation data of meteorological stations in Xiong'an New District from 1981 to 2020. Taking Xiong county as an example, using its minute-level rainfall data, through the annual maximum value method, the theoretical frequency analysis of rainfall data was carried out using P-III curve in order to consider the fitting goodness of long and short duration rainfall data. The parameters of formula were solved by Gauss-Newton method and the long-duration comprehensive storm intensity formula that suitable for 5-1440 min was obtained. On this basis, the design hyetograph for 1440 min in Xiong county was deduced using homogenous frequency analysis method. The results show that multi-year averaged rainfall in Xiong'an New District is 490.4 mm; the number of storm days is 4.4 d; the number of storm days shows an increasing trend from 2000 to 2020, especially for the number of torrential rain days. In recent 10 years, the proportion of the number of torrential rain days to storm days was the largest (20.8%) in the new district, which was nearly 7 times larger than that at the beginning of the 21st century. The obtained long-duration comprehensive storm intensity formula of Xiong county could be used to calculate the design storm of whatever duration (5-1440 min) and whatever recurrence period (2-100 years). The 1440 min' design hyetograph with an interval of 5 min in Xiong county shows a single peak with the peak value is 0.806. Combined the design hyetograph with the obtained long-duration comprehensive storm intensity formula, the designed rain patttern of 1440 min under different specified recurrence period could be deduced.

Key words: Long-duration storm intensity formula, Designed rainstorm pattern, P-III distribution, Homogenous frequency analysis method, Xiong'an New District

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